Effects of prostaglandin E2 and D2 on cell proliferation and osteogenic capacity of human mesenchymal stem cells

•Our study shows that PGE2 and PGD2, which are known to be present in higher concentrations in periodontitis affected tissues, hinder proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hMSC. PGE2 induced a higher growth rate during the first week, as early response of the tissue against an inflammatory...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Prostaglandins, leukotrienes and essential fatty acids leukotrienes and essential fatty acids, 2019-12, Vol.151, p.1-7
Main Authors: Ern, C., Frasheri, I., Berger, T., Kirchner, H.G., Heym, R., Hickel, R., Folwaczny, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bone loss
Bone remodeling
Cell differentiation
Inflammation
Osteogenesis
Periodontitis
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Summary:•Our study shows that PGE2 and PGD2, which are known to be present in higher concentrations in periodontitis affected tissues, hinder proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hMSC. PGE2 induced a higher growth rate during the first week, as early response of the tissue against an inflammatory stimulus.•With a continuous inflammatory challenge of PGE2, a decrease of the proliferation capacity of hMSCs that mediate tissue regeneration resulted. The manifestation of periodontitis-related inflammatory reaction is inevitably bound to the production of prostaglandins E2 and D2 which have been suggested to mediate osteoclastic and osteogenic effects within the affected tissue. We demonstrated the presence of PGE2 and PGD2 receptors on hMSCs on RNA level and with immunofluorescence. For each Prostaglandin, three concentrations were studied: 0.1; 0.5 or 1.0 µg/ml. A lower expression of EP1 and EP4 (PGE2 receptors 1 and 4) after stimulation with PGE2 was shown, thus a tendency to compromise osteogenic differentiation and metabolism. PGE2 induced a higher growth-rate during the first week, while a continuous inflammatory challenge determined a decrease of the proliferation of hMSCs. PGD2 inhibited cell growth irrespective of the duration of the stimulation. PGE2 and PGD2 have also negative effects on calcium deposition osteogenic, thus on differentiation of hMSCs. PGE2 and PGD2 seem to induce bone resorption also having indirectly a negative impact on the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Thus, inhibitors of PGE2 and PGD2 can be used as adjunct to mechanical periodontal treatment.
ISSN:0952-3278
1532-2823
DOI:10.1016/j.plefa.2019.09.005