Epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus infection and its effect on children with heart disease in Hong Kong: a multicentre review

There is no guideline in Hong Kong regarding respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immunoprophylaxis for children with heart disease because of a lack of local data on RSV infection. Therefore, this study evaluated the epidemiology and impact of RSV infection on children with heart disease in Hong Kong,...

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Published in:Hong Kong medical journal = Xianggang yi xue za zhi 2019-10, Vol.25 (5), p.363-371
Main Authors: Lee, S H, Hon, K L, Chiu, W K, Ting, Y W, Lam, S Y
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Age Distribution
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Heart Defects, Congenital - mortality
Heart Defects, Congenital - virology
Hong Kong - epidemiology
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Intensive Care Units, Pediatric
Length of Stay - statistics & numerical data
Linear Models
Male
Respiration, Artificial
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - mortality
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - therapy
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Seasons
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creator Lee, S H
Hon, K L
Chiu, W K
Ting, Y W
Lam, S Y
description There is no guideline in Hong Kong regarding respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immunoprophylaxis for children with heart disease because of a lack of local data on RSV infection. Therefore, this study evaluated the epidemiology and impact of RSV infection on children with heart disease in Hong Kong, with the goal of providing recommendations regarding RSV immunoprophylaxis. This multicentre retrospective case-control study on paediatric RSV infection was conducted in four local regional hospitals from 2013 to 2015. The patients' demographic and clinical data were retrieved and analysed. There were 3538 RSV hospitalisations during the study period, and the mortality rate was 0.14%. Some RSV seasonality was present in Hong Kong, primarily in spring and summer. Respiratory syncytial virus infection was positively correlated with relative humidity and negatively correlated with wind speed and atmospheric pressure. Patients with heart disease had a more severe outcome than those without, including longer median hospital stay (4 vs 2 days, P
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Therefore, this study evaluated the epidemiology and impact of RSV infection on children with heart disease in Hong Kong, with the goal of providing recommendations regarding RSV immunoprophylaxis. This multicentre retrospective case-control study on paediatric RSV infection was conducted in four local regional hospitals from 2013 to 2015. The patients' demographic and clinical data were retrieved and analysed. There were 3538 RSV hospitalisations during the study period, and the mortality rate was 0.14%. Some RSV seasonality was present in Hong Kong, primarily in spring and summer. Respiratory syncytial virus infection was positively correlated with relative humidity and negatively correlated with wind speed and atmospheric pressure. Patients with heart disease had a more severe outcome than those without, including longer median hospital stay (4 vs 2 days, P&lt;0.001), higher complication rate (28.6% vs 9.8%, P&lt;0.001), and higher rates of intensive care (11.6% vs 1.4%, P&lt;0.001) and mechanical ventilation (3.6% vs 0.4%, P=0.003). Complications in non-cardiac patients included myocarditis and Kawasaki disease. Predictors of severe RSV infection in patients with heart disease were heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and severe airway abnormalities associated with congenital heart disease. Respiratory syncytial virus infection occurs mainly in spring and summer in Hong Kong, and is related to meteorological conditions. Respiratory syncytial virus infection poses a heavy disease burden on children with heart disease. 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Therefore, this study evaluated the epidemiology and impact of RSV infection on children with heart disease in Hong Kong, with the goal of providing recommendations regarding RSV immunoprophylaxis. This multicentre retrospective case-control study on paediatric RSV infection was conducted in four local regional hospitals from 2013 to 2015. The patients' demographic and clinical data were retrieved and analysed. There were 3538 RSV hospitalisations during the study period, and the mortality rate was 0.14%. Some RSV seasonality was present in Hong Kong, primarily in spring and summer. Respiratory syncytial virus infection was positively correlated with relative humidity and negatively correlated with wind speed and atmospheric pressure. Patients with heart disease had a more severe outcome than those without, including longer median hospital stay (4 vs 2 days, P&lt;0.001), higher complication rate (28.6% vs 9.8%, P&lt;0.001), and higher rates of intensive care (11.6% vs 1.4%, P&lt;0.001) and mechanical ventilation (3.6% vs 0.4%, P=0.003). Complications in non-cardiac patients included myocarditis and Kawasaki disease. Predictors of severe RSV infection in patients with heart disease were heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and severe airway abnormalities associated with congenital heart disease. Respiratory syncytial virus infection occurs mainly in spring and summer in Hong Kong, and is related to meteorological conditions. Respiratory syncytial virus infection poses a heavy disease burden on children with heart disease. 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Therefore, this study evaluated the epidemiology and impact of RSV infection on children with heart disease in Hong Kong, with the goal of providing recommendations regarding RSV immunoprophylaxis. This multicentre retrospective case-control study on paediatric RSV infection was conducted in four local regional hospitals from 2013 to 2015. The patients' demographic and clinical data were retrieved and analysed. There were 3538 RSV hospitalisations during the study period, and the mortality rate was 0.14%. Some RSV seasonality was present in Hong Kong, primarily in spring and summer. Respiratory syncytial virus infection was positively correlated with relative humidity and negatively correlated with wind speed and atmospheric pressure. Patients with heart disease had a more severe outcome than those without, including longer median hospital stay (4 vs 2 days, P&lt;0.001), higher complication rate (28.6% vs 9.8%, P&lt;0.001), and higher rates of intensive care (11.6% vs 1.4%, P&lt;0.001) and mechanical ventilation (3.6% vs 0.4%, P=0.003). Complications in non-cardiac patients included myocarditis and Kawasaki disease. Predictors of severe RSV infection in patients with heart disease were heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and severe airway abnormalities associated with congenital heart disease. Respiratory syncytial virus infection occurs mainly in spring and summer in Hong Kong, and is related to meteorological conditions. Respiratory syncytial virus infection poses a heavy disease burden on children with heart disease. 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subjects Adolescent
Age Distribution
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Heart Defects, Congenital - mortality
Heart Defects, Congenital - virology
Hong Kong - epidemiology
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Intensive Care Units, Pediatric
Length of Stay - statistics & numerical data
Linear Models
Male
Respiration, Artificial
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - mortality
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - therapy
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Seasons
title Epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus infection and its effect on children with heart disease in Hong Kong: a multicentre review
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