Composition, isolation, purification and biological activities of Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides: A review

• Published in: Carbohydrate polymers 2020-01, Vol.228, p.115381-115381, Article 115381
• Main Authors: Zhang, Rui, Zhang, Xinxin, Tang, Yingxue, Mao, Jinlong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aging - drug effects; Alginic acid; Alginic Acid - chemistry; Alginic Acid - isolation & purification; Alginic Acid - pharmacology; Animals; Bacteria - drug effects; Biological activity; Cell Line; Dietary Carbohydrates - isolation & purification; Dietary Carbohydrates - pharmacology; Fucoidan; Glucans - chemistry; Glucans - isolation & purification; Glucans - pharmacology; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents - isolation & purification; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; Laminaran; Mice; Neoplasms - drug therapy; Polysaccharides - chemistry; Polysaccharides - isolation & purification; Polysaccharides - pharmacology; Rats; Sargassum - metabolism; Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides; Viruses - drug effects
• ISSN: 0144-8617; 1879-1344
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115381

•The composition and structure of Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides were summarized.•The advantages and disadvantages of various extraction and separation methods were outlined.•The pharmacological activities of polysaccharides from Sargassum fusiforme were described. Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides, acidic water-soluble polysaccharides extract from Sargassum fusiforme, are mainly composed of alginic acid, fucoidan and laminaran. Alginic acid is carboxyl-containing polysaccharide formed by joining β-D-mannuronic acid and α-L-guluronic acid through β-(1→4)/α-(1→4) glycosidic bond. Fucoidan, a natural water-soluble sulfated heteropolysaccharide with fucose and sulfuric acid groups as the core structure, is mainly linked by L-fucose through α-(1→3) glycosidic bond and has the strongest biological activity. Laminaran is mainly composed of β-D-glucose through β-(1→3) glycosidic bond linkage. Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides have a variety of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-tumor, promoting immunity, anti-aging, prompting bone growth, lowering blood glucose, anti-coagulation, anti-virus, anti-bacteria, anti-fatigue, promoting growth and development, and skin protection. These activities are closely related to the functions of fucoidan in Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides, which fucoidan is able to strengthen immune system and antioxidation in human body. In this review, the composition, the isolation and purification, and the biological activities of Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides are discussed and can bereference for further study.