Increase in water temperature increases acute toxicity of sumithion causing nuclear and cellular abnormalities in peripheral erythrocytes of zebrafish Danio rerio

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2019-12, Vol.26 (36), p.36903-36912
• Main Authors: Shahjahan, Md, Rahman, Mohammad Shadiqur, Islam, S M Majharul, Uddin, Md. Helal, Al-Emran, Md
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abnormalities; Acute toxicity; Alkalinity; Animals; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Bioassays; Blood; Carbon dioxide; Climate change; Danio rerio; Dissolved oxygen; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Erythrocytes; Erythrocytes - physiology; Fenitrothion - toxicity; Global warming; Glucose; High temperature; High temperature effects; Hot Temperature; Insecticides - toxicity; Lethal Dose 50; Pesticides; Research Article; Temperature; Toxicity; Toxicity Tests, Acute; Waste Water Technology; Water; Water Management; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity; Water Pollution Control; Water temperature; Zebrafish; Zebrafish - physiology
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06886-1

Global warming and indiscriminate usages of pesticides are notable concern to all. The present study has been conducted to evaluate the effects of high temperature on acute toxicity of sumithion in adult zebrafish. A 2-day renewal bioassay system was used to determine the 96 h LC 50 value of sumithion at three temperature regimes, such as 25 °C, 30 °C, and 35 °C. Blood glucose (mg/dL) level was measured in control (0.0 mg/L) and low concentration (1.0 mg/L) of sumithion during the determination of LC 50 in three temperature conditions. In addition, micronucleus (MN), erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA), and erythrocytic cellular abnormalities (ECA) tests were performed in the blood erythrocytes. The 96 h LC 50 value of sumithion for zebrafish was significantly lower at 35 °C, which indicates that the toxicity of sumithion increases at higher temperature. Blood glucose level was significantly increased by sumithion in all temperature conditions, while it was significantly higher in the highest (35 °C) temperature compared to the lowest (25 °C) temperature in both control and sumithion-treated fish. Similarly, frequencies of MN, ENA, and ECA were elevated by sumithion in all temperature conditions, whereas it was significantly raised in the highest (35 °C) temperature compared to the lowest (25 °C) temperature in both control and sumithion treated fish. With increasing temperature in exposure to sumithion, dissolved oxygen decreased significantly, whereas free CO 2 increased significantly. On the other hand, no distinct changes were observed in pH and total alkalinity during the experimental period. Therefore, it can be inferred that increasing temperature enhances the toxicity of sumithion in the zebrafish.