Development of effective vaccines for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a leading cause of diarrhoea in children in low-income and middle-income countries (children's diarrhoea) and international travellers (travellers' diarrhoea).1,2 ETEC strains produce heterogeneous fimbrial or non-fimbrial adhesins (of which there...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Lancet infectious diseases 2020-02, Vol.20 (2), p.150-152
Main Authors: Seo, Hyesuk, Zhang, Weiping
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adhesins
Antigens
Bacteria
Children
Children & youth
Cholera
Cholera toxin
Diarrhea
E coli
Enterotoxins
Escherichia coli
Heat
Heat-labile enterotoxin
Immunity
Income
Infectious diseases
Intestine
Receptors
Small intestine
Strains (organisms)
Thermal stability
Toxins
Travellers
Vaccines
Waterborne diseases
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a leading cause of diarrhoea in children in low-income and middle-income countries (children's diarrhoea) and international travellers (travellers' diarrhoea).1,2 ETEC strains produce heterogeneous fimbrial or non-fimbrial adhesins (of which there are >25), which attach bacteria to host receptors for colonisation in human small intestines and deliver heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxins to small intestine epithelia to disrupt homoeostasis and cause fluid hypersecretion and watery diarrhoea. The vaccine combines four recombinant E coli strains that over-produce adhesins CFA/I, CS3, CS5, and CS6, mixed with a recombinant protein, LCTBA, which is a hybrid B subunit of heat-labile enterotoxin and cholera toxin.6 The authors concluded that ETVAX was safe and well tolerated in children aged 6–59 months when given orally at a quarter or half of an adult dose (1 × 1011 bacteria and 1 mg LCTBA), as evidenced by the absence of treatment-related serious adverse events in participants during the study period. [...]ETVAX induces immunity to the B subunits of heat-labile toxin, but not to the toxic heat-labile A subunit, nor to the heat-stable enterotoxin, which is more virulent than the heat-labile enterotoxin in children's diarrhoea.1 ETEC vaccines might not be truly effective if they do not also induce protective immunity against ETEC strains producing heat-stable enterotoxin and broad anti-adhesin immunity against ETEC strains expressing heterogeneous adhesins.
ISSN:1473-3099
1474-4457
DOI:10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30631-0