Strain specific stress-modulating effects of candidate probiotics: A systematic screening in a mouse model of chronic restraint stress

• Published in: Behavioural brain research 2020-02, Vol.379, p.112376-112376, Article 112376
• Main Authors: Stenman, Lotta K., Patterson, Elaine, Meunier, Johann, Roman, Francois J., Lehtinen, Markus J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Anxiety; Anxiety - diet therapy; Anxiety - etiology; Anxiety - metabolism; Behavior, Animal - physiology; Bifidobacterium; Cognitive Dysfunction - diet therapy; Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology; Cognitive Dysfunction - metabolism; Depression; Depression - diet therapy; Depression - etiology; Depression - metabolism; Dietary Supplements; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology; Gut microbiota; Lactobacillus; Male; Mice; Probiotic; Probiotics - pharmacology; Restraint, Physical; Stress; Stress, Psychological - complications; Stress, Psychological - diet therapy; Stress, Psychological - metabolism
• ISSN: 0166-4328; 1872-7549
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112376

•The impact of probiotics on gut-brain-axis signaling is species- and strain-specific.•Chronic restraint is a suitable model for detecting efficacy of candidate probiotics.•Lpc-37, LP12407 and LP12418 improved stress-related deficits in learning and memory.•Lpc-37, LP12407 and LP12418 improved stress-related symptoms of anxiety and depression.•Large-scale pre-clinical screening is essential to discover strain-specific efficacy. Changes in the gut microbiota have been implicated in mood and cognition. In rodents, supplementation with certain bacteria have been shown to alleviate adverse effects of stress on gut microbiota composition and behaviour, but little is known of how the performance of different strains compare to each other. We took a systematic approach to test the efficacy of twelve candidate probiotic strains from ten species/sub-species of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus on behaviours and neuroendocrine responses of chronically stressed mice. The strains were tested in four screening experiments with non-stressed and chronically stressed vehicle groups. The three most efficacious strains were re-tested to validate the results. Mice were administered a daily oral gavage containing either 1 × 109 colony forming units (CFU) of selected candidate probiotic or saline solution for one week prior to and for three weeks during daily chronic restraint stress. Behavioural tests including the elevated plus maze, open field, novel object recognition, and forced swim test were applied during week five. Corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were analysed to measure the neuroendocrine response to stress. Plasma and tissue samples were collected for biomarker analyses. Of the twelve candidate probiotics, Lactobacillus paracasei Lpc-37, Lactobacillus plantarum LP12407, Lactobacillus plantarum LP12418 and Lactobacillus plantarum LP12151 prevented stress-associated anxiety and depression-related behaviours from developing compared with chronically stressed vehicle mice. In addition, Lpc-37 improved cognition. This systematic screening indicates species- and strain-dependent effects on behavioural outcomes related to stress and further suggests that strains differ from each other in their effects on potential mechanistic outcomes.