Targeted therapies in gynaecological cancers

The treatment of cancer has changed dramatically over the last decade, driven by increased understanding of the cancer genome, immune landscape, molecular alterations and aberrant pathways that drive cancer progression. Advances in molecular biology have led to the development of targeted agents, in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Histopathology 2020-01, Vol.76 (1), p.157-170
Main Authors: Crusz, Shanthini M, Miller, Rowan E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
anti‐angiogenesis
Cancer therapies
Cervical cancer
Cervix
Chemotherapy
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA biosynthesis
DNA repair
Drug delivery
Endometrium
Genomics
gynaecological cancers
Gynecology
HPV
Human papillomavirus
immune check‐point inhibitors
Immunosuppressive agents
Mismatch repair
Mitosis
Monoclonal antibodies
Ovarian cancer
PARP
PD-L1 protein
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase
Precision medicine
Signal transduction
Stroma
targeted therapy
Tumors
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Summary:The treatment of cancer has changed dramatically over the last decade, driven by increased understanding of the cancer genome, immune landscape, molecular alterations and aberrant pathways that drive cancer progression. Advances in molecular biology have led to the development of targeted agents, including monoclonal antibodies, small molecules and check‐point inhibitors. Unlike chemotherapy, which inhibits DNA replication and mitosis, these agents target cancer signalling pathways, stroma, immune microenvironment and vasculature in tumour tissues. In gynaecological cancer, drugs targeting defective DNA repair, such as PARP inhibitors, have been approved for advanced ovarian cancer, and drugs targeting angiogenesis have been used in the treatment of advanced or recurrent ovarian and cervical cancers. Immune check‐point inhibitors such as anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 antibodies have proved successful for mismatch repair‐deficient endometrial cancers and HPV‐targeted therapies are under development for HPV‐related malignancies. In this era of precision medicine, improved understanding of cancer biology and genomics needs to be utilised to develop predictive biomarkers for these targeted therapies to maximise patient benefit.
ISSN:0309-0167
1365-2559
DOI:10.1111/his.14009