Narcolepsy in Slovakia – Epidemiology, clinical and polysomnographic features, comorbid diagnoses: a case-control study

An increase in the incidence of narcolepsy after the pandemic influenza with the H1N1 vaccination in 2009 resulted in an interest in narcolepsy epidemiology. The aim of the study was to examine the incidence and prevalence rates of narcolepsy and to describe the associated characteristics in Slovaki...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sleep medicine 2020-03, Vol.67, p.15-22
Main Authors: Feketeova, Eva, Tormasiova, Maria, Klobučníková, Katarina, Durdik, Peter, Jarcuskova, Dominika, Benca, Miroslav, Vitkova, Marianna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Body Mass Index
Case-Control Studies
Comorbidity
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis
Female
Heart Diseases - diagnosis
Humans
Incidence
Male
Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy - diagnosis
Narcolepsy - epidemiology
Orexins
Polysomnography
Prevalence
Psychotic episode
Slovakia - epidemiology
Young Adult
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Summary:An increase in the incidence of narcolepsy after the pandemic influenza with the H1N1 vaccination in 2009 resulted in an interest in narcolepsy epidemiology. The aim of the study was to examine the incidence and prevalence rates of narcolepsy and to describe the associated characteristics in Slovakia. Epidemiology data were calculated for each year from 2000 to 2017 based on records found in specialized centres. In sum, 61 narcoleptic patients were diagnosed, of which 51 (84%) had narcolepsy type 1 (NT1). Clinical data and results of polysomnography (PSG), Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-typing, hypocretin (HCRT)-1 levels and body mass index (BMI) were summarised and evaluated for NT1 and narcolepsy type2 (NT2). Later, 244 sex and age matched controls were chosen to evaluate the comorbid diagnoses. The prevalence of narcolepsy in 2017 in Slovakia was 10.47 (CI 95% 8.26–14) cases/million inhabitants, and the mean incidence rate (2000–2017) was 0.57 (CI 95% 0.4–0.74) cases/million inhabitants. Narcoleptic patients were comorbid with arterial hypertension (17%), ischemic heart disease (8%), dyslipidaemia (18%), diabetes mellitus type 2 (10%), cardiac arrhythmia/atrial fibrillation (5%), autoimmune disorders (20%), allergy (11%), malignancy (3%), headache (15%) and mental disorders (20%). Patients with narcolepsy showed double the excess prevalence in mental disorders (OR 2.15, p 
ISSN:1389-9457
1878-5506
DOI:10.1016/j.sleep.2019.10.012