Effects of Short‐Peptide‐Based Enteral Nutrition on the Intestinal Microcirculation and Mucosal Barrier in Mice with Severe Acute Pancreatitis

• Published in: Molecular nutrition & food research 2020-03, Vol.64 (5), p.e1901191-n/a
• Main Authors: Zhang, Jian, Yu, Wen‐Qiao, Wei, Tao, Zhang, Cheng, Wen, Liang, Chen, Qi, Chen, Wei, Qiu, Jun‐Yu, Zhang, Yun, Liang, Ting‐Bo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Bacteria; bacterial translocation; Barriers; CCL20 protein; CCR6 protein; CD11c antigen; Chemokine CCL20 - metabolism; Dendritic cells; Dendritic Cells - pathology; Enteral nutrition; Enteral Nutrition - methods; Health risks; Hypoxia; Immune Tolerance - drug effects; Immunoglobulin A; Immunosuppression; Intestinal Mucosa - blood supply; Intestinal Mucosa - drug effects; intestinal mucosal barrier; intestinal mucosal microcirculation; Intestine; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microcirculation - drug effects; Mucosal immunity; Mucus; Nutrition; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Pancreatitis - diet therapy; Pancreatitis - microbiology; Peptides; Peptides - chemistry; Peptides - pharmacokinetics; Receptors, CCR6 - metabolism; severe acute pancreatitis; short‐peptide‐based enteral nutrition; Translocation
• ISSN: 1613-4125; 1613-4133
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201901191

Scope Short‐peptide‐based enteral nutrition (SPEN) is absorbed more efficiently in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). More importantly, SPEN decreases SAP‐induced enterogenous infection risk. This study aims to investigate whether SPEN alleviates intestinal bacterial translocation in mice with SAP, and the underlying mechanisms. Methods and results The SAP model is established after pre‐treatment with SPEN or intact‐protein‐based enteral nutrition. Although there is no improvement in pancreas injury, as evaluated through Hematoxylin‐Eosin staining or serum amylase, SPEN obviously attenuates intestinal bacterial translocation after SAP. To unveil the mechanisms, it is found that the intestinal mechanical barrier destroyed by SAP is significantly relieved by SPEN, which presents with recovered ZO‐1 expression, mucus layer, and goblet cell function. Additionally, SPEN alleviates local CCR6/CCL20 induced CD11c+ dendritic cell infiltration, systemic immunosuppression, and inhibits the secretion of luminal secretory immunoglobulin A. Possibly responsible for SAP‐induced mucosal dysfunctions, destroyed intestinal mucosal microcirculation and local hypoxia are largely improved in SAP+SPEN group. Conclusion SPEN can improve downregulated intestinal mucosal microcirculation secondary to SAP, which may be responsible for mucosal inflammation relief, maintenance of the mechanical barrier and mucosal immunity, the correction of systemic immunosuppression, and play a protective role in defending commensal bacterial translocation after SAP. Enteral nutrition can decrease the risk of enterogenous infection after severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), especially short‐peptide‐based enteral nutrition (SPEN). This is the first study to report that SPEN improves downregulated intestinal mucosal microcirculation secondary to SAP, which may be responsible for mucosal inflammation relief, maintenance of mechanical barrier and mucosal immunity, and defends against commensal bacterial translocation.