Molecular mechanisms of bioactive polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi), a review

Ganoderma lucidum, commonly known as “Lingzhi” in Chinese, are well-known medicinal mushrooms. Lingzhi has been used in traditional Chinese herbal medicines for more than two thousand years. G. lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs) are present at high levels in G. lucidum cells and GLPs have molecular weig...

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Published in:International journal of biological macromolecules 2020-05, Vol.150, p.765-774
Main Authors: Lu, Jiahui, He, Rongjun, Sun, Peilong, Zhang, Fuming, Linhardt, Robert J., Zhang, Anqiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use
Antioxidants - chemistry
Antioxidants - therapeutic use
Antiviral Agents - chemistry
Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
Biological activity
Carbohydrate Conformation
Extraction
Fungal Polysaccharides - chemistry
Fungal Polysaccharides - therapeutic use
Ganoderma lucidum
Humans
Hypoglycemic Agents - chemistry
Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use
Immunologic Factors - chemistry
Immunologic Factors - therapeutic use
Polysaccharide
Reishi - chemistry
Structural characterization
Structure-Activity Relationship
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Summary:Ganoderma lucidum, commonly known as “Lingzhi” in Chinese, are well-known medicinal mushrooms. Lingzhi has been used in traditional Chinese herbal medicines for more than two thousand years. G. lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs) are present at high levels in G. lucidum cells and GLPs have molecular weights ranging from thousands to millions. GLPs have been widely studied for their various biological activities, such as antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-diabetes, and immunomodulatory activities. The methods for GLPs extraction and characterization are mature, but the comprehensive research on the relationship between GLPs structure (i.e., molecular weight, tertiary structure, branching, substituents, and monosaccharide composition) and function is still quite limited. The aim of this review is to update and summarize the mechanisms of the various bioactive polysaccharides extracted from G. lucidum. The information presented on these bio-mechanisms should be valuable in the research and development of GLPs-derived therapeutics. •The relationships between structure and bioactivities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs) are summarized.•The bioactivities mechanisms and the development of GLPs-derived therapeutics are under discussion.•The anti-cancer drugs containing GLPs are also introduced.
ISSN:0141-8130
1879-0003
DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.035