The Glutathione/Metallothionein System Challenges the Design of Efficient O2‐Activating Copper Complexes

Copper complexes are of medicinal and biological interest, including as anticancer drugs designed to cleave intracellular biomolecules by O2 activation. To exhibit such activity, the copper complex must be redox active and resistant to dissociation. Metallothioneins (MTs) and glutathione (GSH) are a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2020-05, Vol.59 (20), p.7830-7835
Main Authors: Santoro, Alice, Calvo, Jenifer S., Peris‐Díaz, Manuel David, Krężel, Artur, Meloni, Gabriele, Faller, Peter
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antineoplastic drugs
Antitumor agents
Ascorbic acid
bioinorganic chemistry
Biomolecules
Catalytic activity
Coordination compounds
Copper
Copper compounds
copper-based drugs
Cytosol
Deactivation
Drugs
Glutathione
Inactivation
Metallothionein
Metallothioneins
Oxidation
redox activity
Redox properties
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Summary:Copper complexes are of medicinal and biological interest, including as anticancer drugs designed to cleave intracellular biomolecules by O2 activation. To exhibit such activity, the copper complex must be redox active and resistant to dissociation. Metallothioneins (MTs) and glutathione (GSH) are abundant in the cytosol and nucleus. Because they are thiol‐rich reducing molecules with high CuI affinity, they are potential competitors for a copper ion bound in a copper drug. Herein, we report the investigation of a panel of CuI/CuII complexes often used as drugs, with diverse coordination chemistries and redox potentials. We evaluated their catalytic activity in ascorbate oxidation based on redox cycling between CuI and CuII, as well as their resistance to dissociation or inactivation under cytosolically relevant concentrations of GSH and MT. O2‐activating CuI/CuII complexes for cytosolic/nuclear targets are generally not stable against the GSH/MT system, which creates a challenge for their future design. Copper complexes are of medicinal and biological interest, including as anticancer drugs. O2‐activating CuI/CuII complexes for cytosolic/nuclear targets are generally not stable against glutathione and metallothioneins, which are abundant in the nucleus and cytosol. This should be considered when designing CuI/CuII complexes for biological and medicinal applications.
ISSN:1433-7851
1521-3773
DOI:10.1002/anie.201916316