Chickens bred extensively as sentinels from soil contamination by Toxocara

• Published in: Experimental parasitology 2020-04, Vol.211, p.107852-107852, Article 107852
• Main Authors: von Sohsten, Adriana Lebram, Vieira da Silva, Aristeu, Rubinsky-Elefant, Guita, Freitas Santana, Ilmara Simony, Correia, Joelande Esquivel, Alves da Cruz, Luciara, Monteiro Ribeiro Santos, Ellen, Vilanova Oliveira, Priscylla Marcelly
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Sentinels; Soil contamination; Toxocara spp
• ISSN: 0014-4894; 1090-2449
• DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107852

Environmental contamination by Toxocara spp eggs can be verified by parasitological techniques, which are mostly laborious, have low sensitivity, and may require repeated tests to establish the contamination status of a certain area. Given the significance of this parasite as an agent of infections in humans, that may cause blindness, especially in children, broilers chickens created extensively were evaluated as possible markers of parasite environmental contamination, through the detection of anti-Toxocara serum antibodies. Eighteen 15-day-old Label Rouge broilers were released on a farm with a history of dogs with Toxocara infection. At 0, 15 and 30 days after the release birds blood samples were taken, as well as soil samples. At the end of the experiment the birds were slaughtered, and the gastrointestinal tract was collected for coprological exams. The presence of anti-Toxocara antibodies resulted in increased reactivity indexes with time, and at 15 days five of the birds were positive and at 30 days, seven birds showed seroconversion. Examination of the soil samples by the centrifugation-flotation method in hyper saturated zinc sulfate solution revealed contamination by embryonated or infertile eggs of Toxocara at all times of collection, as well as the presence of Ascaridia eggs at 15 days after release of birds. Examination of bird's stool samples at the end of the experiment demonstrated 100% infection by Ascaridia galli, however there was no correlation between the counts of this parasite and the ELISA reactivity indices for anti-Toxocara antibodies. The results obtained allow us to infer the possibility of using anti-Toxocara spp-specific antibodies determination in birds raised extensively, which could then serve as sentinels of environmental contamination by this parasite. [Display omitted] •Toxocara environmental contamination demands low sensibility laborious parasitological techniques.•Toxocara may cause blindness in children.•Specific anti-Toxocara serum antibodies in chicken can demonstrate the level of parasite environmental contamination.