Nutritional variability and milling losses of rice landraces from Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India

• Published in: Food chemistry 2020-07, Vol.318, p.126385-126385, Article 126385
• Main Authors: Longvah, T., Prasad, V.S.S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bio-diversity; Cluster analysis; Composition; Degree of milling; Food; Food analysis; Indigenous rice landraces; Nutrient; Variability
• ISSN: 0308-8146; 1873-7072
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126385

•A total of 33 indigenous rice landraces were nutritionally profiled.•Nutrient contents and variability were substantially different among rice landraces.•Total dietary fibre content was significantly higher than improved cultivars.•Phytate content was less than 50% of improved cultivars.•Iron and zinc loss due to milling was lesser than elite landraces. Rice landraces of North-East India have wide bio-diversity but remained nutritionally uncharacterized. Nutritional profiling of 33 indigenous rice landraces from the state of Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India, and effect milling was evaluated. Total dietary fiber (5.22 g/100 g) was significantly higher than high yielding or hybrid cultivars. Principal nutrient variability of brown rice were: ash (13% c. v.) > insoluble dietary fibre, IDF (12% c. v.) > protein (11.% c.v.) fat (11% c. v.). Compositional diversity exists among rice landraces. Average iron was lesser but zinc content was higher than popular high yielding cultivars. Nutrient changes due to milling were most profound for thiamin (−69%), IDF (−66%) followed by phytate (−66%). Nutritionally Arunachal rice landraces are comparable to high yielding cultivars with added advantage of significantly higher total dietary fiber and lower phytate content. Thus, Arunachal rice landraces represents an agronomically and nutritionally important pool for rice improvement/breeding.