Environmental information for people with visual impairment in Mexico - or what they need and how they use it

• Published in: Applied ergonomics 2020-05, Vol.85, p.103079-103079, Article 103079
• Main Authors: Rey-Galindo, John A., Rizo-Corona, Libertad, González-Muñoz, Elvia Luz, Aceves-González, Carlos
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Activities of Daily Living - psychology; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Built Environment - psychology; Environment Design; Environmental ergonomics; Ergonomics; Female; Humans; Information design; Information resources; Information Seeking Behavior; Male; Mexico; Middle Aged; Orientation; Safety; Vision Disorders - psychology; Visual impairment; Visually Impaired Persons - psychology; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0003-6870; 1872-9126
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103079

From an ergonomics perspective, the environmental characteristics should facilitate user activities. Matching user capabilities to demands of the environment is essential. However, about some users such as those with visual impairments, there is little information available for use in designing products and spaces. There is also a gap in information regarding the commutes and needs of the visually impaired, making it even more difficult to establish how environments should be designed to include this population.This study aimed to identify the information needs of people with visual impairment in terms of: 1) Daily life activities, 2) Wayfinding in the complex built environments, 3) Use of the signals provided by the environment 4) Characteristics of the environment which reduce the usability of a space and may put the user in danger, and 5) Safety perception. Data were obtained through a semi-structured interview to which eighteen adults responded. All had either complete blindness or severe visual impairment. For orientation, the most common references were texture or changes in ground level/surface, along with such ambient elements as noise or smells. Information presented in Braille was reported as little used, due to difficulty in finding such information. Regarding safety, participants reported feeling unsafe; most mentioned crossing the street as a major risk. Using auditory, tactile or even olfactory signals may provide important information while commuting: thus, designing signals which consider and highlight these senses is paramount. Assessing features and location of existing tactile signals is also required, to identify opportunities for improving the safety and independence of people with visual impairment. •The most used resource of information is to ask people, which may impact in participants independence and self-esteem.•Design information systems for users with diverse experience, senses preferences and stages of the interaction is essential.•The most common orientation aspects were textures or level changes on the floor and ambience elements like noise and smell.•Some obstacles are considered as cues too during the commutes.•A useful point of view for a new analysis could come from a system ergonomics perspective.