TGF-β in renal fibrosis: triumphs and challenges

Renal fibrosis is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease. Although considerable achievements in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis have been made, the underlying mechanisms of renal fibrosis remain largely to be explored. Now we have reached the consensus that TGF-β is a master regulator of renal fibr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Future medicinal chemistry 2020-05, Vol.12 (9), p.853-866
Main Authors: Gu, Yue-Yu, Liu, Xu-Sheng, Huang, Xiao-Ru, Yu, Xue-Qing, Lan, Hui-Yao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cytokines
Fibrosis
Fibrosis - metabolism
Humans
Hypertension
immune cells
Inflammation
Kidney diseases
Kidney Diseases - metabolism
Kinases
Lymphocytes T
Macrophages
Mucosa
Oxidation
Physiology
Proteins
renal fibrosis
Roles
TGF-β
therapy
Transforming Growth Factor beta - metabolism
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Summary:Renal fibrosis is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease. Although considerable achievements in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis have been made, the underlying mechanisms of renal fibrosis remain largely to be explored. Now we have reached the consensus that TGF-β is a master regulator of renal fibrosis. Indeed, TGF-β regulates renal fibrosis via both canonical and noncanonical TGF-β signaling. Moreover, ongoing renal inflammation promotes fibrosis as inflammatory cells such as macrophages, conventional T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T cells may directly or indirectly contribute to renal fibrosis, which is also tightly regulated by TGF-β. However, anti-TGF-β treatment for renal fibrosis remains ineffective and nonspecific. Thus, research into mechanisms and treatment of renal fibrosis remains highly challenging.
ISSN:1756-8919
1756-8927
DOI:10.4155/fmc-2020-0005