The role of pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating polypeptide in the motivational effects of addictive drugs

Pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) was originally isolated from the hypothalamus and found to stimulate adenylyl cyclase in the pituitary. Later studies showed that this peptide and its receptors (PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2) are widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS)...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuropharmacology 2020-07, Vol.171, p.108109-108109, Article 108109
Main Authors: Stojakovic, Andrea, Ahmad, Syed Muzzammil, Malhotra, Shreya, Afzal, Zakia, Ahmed, Mudassir, Lutfy, Kabirullah
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Addictive drugs
Alcohol
Amphetamine
Cocaine
Dependence
Morphine
Nicotine
PAC1 receptors
PACAP
Reinstatement
Tolerance
Withdrawal
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Summary:Pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) was originally isolated from the hypothalamus and found to stimulate adenylyl cyclase in the pituitary. Later studies showed that this peptide and its receptors (PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2) are widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). Consistent with its distribution in the CNS, the PACAP/PAC1 receptor system is involved in several physiological responses, such as mediation of the stress response, modulation of nociception, regulation of prolactin release, food intake, etc. This system is also implicated in different pathological states, e.g., affective component of nociceptive processing, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and post-traumatic stress disorders. A review of the literature on PubMed revealed that PACAP and its receptors also play a significant role in the actions of addictive drugs. The goal of this review is to discuss the literature regarding the involvements of PACAP and its receptors in the motivational effects of addictive drugs. We particularly focus on the role of this peptide in the motivational effects of morphine, alcohol, nicotine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, and cocaine. This article is part of the special issue on Neuropeptides. •PACAP and its receptors (PAC1, VPAc1 and VPAC2) are expressed in the CNS.•PACAP is implicated in physiological responses, such as the stress response.•PACAP is also involved in the motivational effects of addictive drugs.•We reviewed the role of PACAP in the actions of morphine, nicotine, ethanol, etc.
ISSN:0028-3908
1873-7064
DOI:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108109