A Case of Splenic Injury After Shockwave Lithotripsy Presenting as Septic Shock

• Published in: The Journal of emergency medicine 2020-07, Vol.59 (1), p.e21-e23
• Main Authors: Patel, Vishal V., Mohindroo, Amit
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Hemoperitoneum; Kidney stone; Shockwave lithotripsy; Splenectomy; Splenic injury; Splenic rupture
• ISSN: 0736-4679; 2352-5029
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.03.016

Shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) is a common procedure, which can result in rare, life-threatening complications, such as splenic rupture, perinephric hematoma, sepsis, and ureteral colic from retained stone. Being able to identify these complications can result in successful diagnosis and expedited management. We describe the case of an 82-year-old female presenting to the emergency department (ED) for hypotension and vomiting. The patient had undergone SWL for a kidney stone earlier in the day. On initial evaluation, the patient was hypotensive and reported mild abdominal pain. Although initially evaluated and treated for presumed sepsis, thorough testing was able to diagnose splenic rupture and hemoperitoneum. Splenic rupture is a rare complication of SWL and the patient's initial symptoms of hypotension and fever, with a potential source of infection, suggested a common presentation of sepsis and made this case a unique diagnostic challenge. Diagnosis is always a challenge in the ED, due to the variability of patients that can be seen. Often times, a patient's medical and surgical history will provide guidance. For this reason, it is important to know what complications exist with outpatient procedures, how they may present, and what patient risk factors may lead to an increased incidence. •Shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) is a common procedure used to treat between 60% and 80% of urinary stone cases.•Severe, life-threatening complications of SWL, such as splenic rupture, are rare, with an incidence rate of < 1%.•Presentations of splenic rupture after SWL vary, with the most common symptom being abdominal pain.•Diagnosis can be confirmed through computed tomography and surgical management is often required.