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Development of a skin temperature map for dermatomes in individuals with spinal cord injury: a cross-sectional study
Study design Cross-sectional study. Objective The aim of this study was to map the skin temperature (Tsk) of individuals with SCI and compare able-bodied individuals, and among the groups to demonstrate the effects of differences in the levels of injury (paraplegia and tetraplegia with high and low...
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Published in: | Spinal cord 2020-10, Vol.58 (10), p.1090-1095 |
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description | Study design
Cross-sectional study.
Objective
The aim of this study was to map the skin temperature (Tsk) of individuals with SCI and compare able-bodied individuals, and among the groups to demonstrate the effects of differences in the levels of injury (paraplegia and tetraplegia with high and low injuries).
Setting
Outpatient clinic, Brazil.
Methods
Individuals with tetraplegia (
n
= 20), paraplegia (
n
= 21), and able-bodied (
n
= 11) individuals were recruited. A noncontact infrared thermometer (IRT) was used to measure three times the Tsk at the forehead, and at the C2 to S2 dermatomes. Core body temperature was measured at the axilla using the IRT and three other clinical thermometers.
Results
Autonomic regulation is impaired by the injury. A Tsk map was constructed for the three groups. Significant differences in the Tsk of dermatomes were observed when comparing individuals with SCI and the able-bodied at the following dermatomes: C3, C7, T2, T3, T8, T9, L1, L2, L4, and S2. When comparing individuals with tetraplegia and able-bodied individuals, the dermatomes that showed significant differences were C5, C6, C8, T1, T10, L3, and S1. Dermatomes C5–C7, and T5 showed significant differences between individuals with tetraplegia and those with paraplegia. For L5 and S1 in paraplegia significant differences were found when comparing high with low injury.
Conclusion
A Tsk map on dermatomes in individuals with SCI was implemented, and showed a significant difference between able-bodied. As temperature is a parameter for analyzing autonomic function, the study could benefit rehabilitation by providing baseline values when constructing clinical protocols. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41393-020-0471-1 |
format | article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2399247573</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2449452811</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c324t-c3bc88b1e6c5a0c8af4373e694d6f0de2afe93d58d3cb72b516c29f8ca61ddf63</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kU1vFSEYhYnR2A_9AW4MiRs3o3wNA-5MtWrSpJt2TRh4Ua4zwwhMzf335XqrJiZueEnOcw68OQi9oOQNJVy9LYJyzTvCSEfEQDv6CJ1SMciul0w8bncuWScacoLOStkRQjTV6ik64YwPVHN1iuoHuIMprTMsFaeALS7f44IrzCtkW7cMeLYrDiljD3m2Nc1QcCPi4uNd9JudCv4Z6zdc1rjYCbuUfRN3W96_a2kup1K6Aq7GdJBL3fz-GXoSmg-eP8xzdHv58ebic3d1_enLxfurznEmajtHp9RIQbreEqdsEHzgILXwMhAPzAbQ3PfKczcObOypdEwH5ayk3gfJz9HrY-6a048NSjVzLA6myS6QtmIY15qJoR94Q1_9g-7SltuPGyWEFj1TlDaKHqlfa2UIZs1xtnlvKDGHSsyxEtMqMYdKzMHz8iF5G2fwfxy_O2gAOwKlSctXyH-f_n_qPYyAmKk</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2449452811</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Development of a skin temperature map for dermatomes in individuals with spinal cord injury: a cross-sectional study</title><source>Springer Nature</source><creator>Tancredo, Janaina R. ; Tambascia, Rafael A. ; Borges, Mariane ; Fukuchi, Claudiane A. ; Cliquet Junior, Alberto</creator><creatorcontrib>Tancredo, Janaina R. ; Tambascia, Rafael A. ; Borges, Mariane ; Fukuchi, Claudiane A. ; Cliquet Junior, Alberto</creatorcontrib><description>Study design
Cross-sectional study.
Objective
The aim of this study was to map the skin temperature (Tsk) of individuals with SCI and compare able-bodied individuals, and among the groups to demonstrate the effects of differences in the levels of injury (paraplegia and tetraplegia with high and low injuries).
Setting
Outpatient clinic, Brazil.
Methods
Individuals with tetraplegia (
n
= 20), paraplegia (
n
= 21), and able-bodied (
n
= 11) individuals were recruited. A noncontact infrared thermometer (IRT) was used to measure three times the Tsk at the forehead, and at the C2 to S2 dermatomes. Core body temperature was measured at the axilla using the IRT and three other clinical thermometers.
Results
Autonomic regulation is impaired by the injury. A Tsk map was constructed for the three groups. Significant differences in the Tsk of dermatomes were observed when comparing individuals with SCI and the able-bodied at the following dermatomes: C3, C7, T2, T3, T8, T9, L1, L2, L4, and S2. When comparing individuals with tetraplegia and able-bodied individuals, the dermatomes that showed significant differences were C5, C6, C8, T1, T10, L3, and S1. Dermatomes C5–C7, and T5 showed significant differences between individuals with tetraplegia and those with paraplegia. For L5 and S1 in paraplegia significant differences were found when comparing high with low injury.
Conclusion
A Tsk map on dermatomes in individuals with SCI was implemented, and showed a significant difference between able-bodied. As temperature is a parameter for analyzing autonomic function, the study could benefit rehabilitation by providing baseline values when constructing clinical protocols.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1362-4393</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-5624</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41393-020-0471-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32371938</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>692/1807/1812 ; 692/617/375/1824 ; Anatomy ; Autonomic nervous system ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Body temperature ; Cross-sectional studies ; Forehead ; Human Physiology ; Injuries ; Neurochemistry ; Neuropsychology ; Neurosciences ; Paralysis ; Paraplegia ; Paraplegics ; Rehabilitation ; Skin ; Skin temperature ; Spinal cord injuries ; Thermometers</subject><ispartof>Spinal cord, 2020-10, Vol.58 (10), p.1090-1095</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Spinal Cord Society 2020</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Spinal Cord Society 2020.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c324t-c3bc88b1e6c5a0c8af4373e694d6f0de2afe93d58d3cb72b516c29f8ca61ddf63</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6524-6413</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32371938$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tancredo, Janaina R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tambascia, Rafael A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borges, Mariane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fukuchi, Claudiane A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cliquet Junior, Alberto</creatorcontrib><title>Development of a skin temperature map for dermatomes in individuals with spinal cord injury: a cross-sectional study</title><title>Spinal cord</title><addtitle>Spinal Cord</addtitle><addtitle>Spinal Cord</addtitle><description>Study design
Cross-sectional study.
Objective
The aim of this study was to map the skin temperature (Tsk) of individuals with SCI and compare able-bodied individuals, and among the groups to demonstrate the effects of differences in the levels of injury (paraplegia and tetraplegia with high and low injuries).
Setting
Outpatient clinic, Brazil.
Methods
Individuals with tetraplegia (
n
= 20), paraplegia (
n
= 21), and able-bodied (
n
= 11) individuals were recruited. A noncontact infrared thermometer (IRT) was used to measure three times the Tsk at the forehead, and at the C2 to S2 dermatomes. Core body temperature was measured at the axilla using the IRT and three other clinical thermometers.
Results
Autonomic regulation is impaired by the injury. A Tsk map was constructed for the three groups. Significant differences in the Tsk of dermatomes were observed when comparing individuals with SCI and the able-bodied at the following dermatomes: C3, C7, T2, T3, T8, T9, L1, L2, L4, and S2. When comparing individuals with tetraplegia and able-bodied individuals, the dermatomes that showed significant differences were C5, C6, C8, T1, T10, L3, and S1. Dermatomes C5–C7, and T5 showed significant differences between individuals with tetraplegia and those with paraplegia. For L5 and S1 in paraplegia significant differences were found when comparing high with low injury.
Conclusion
A Tsk map on dermatomes in individuals with SCI was implemented, and showed a significant difference between able-bodied. As temperature is a parameter for analyzing autonomic function, the study could benefit rehabilitation by providing baseline values when constructing clinical protocols.</description><subject>692/1807/1812</subject><subject>692/617/375/1824</subject><subject>Anatomy</subject><subject>Autonomic nervous system</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Body temperature</subject><subject>Cross-sectional studies</subject><subject>Forehead</subject><subject>Human Physiology</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>Neurochemistry</subject><subject>Neuropsychology</subject><subject>Neurosciences</subject><subject>Paralysis</subject><subject>Paraplegia</subject><subject>Paraplegics</subject><subject>Rehabilitation</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>Skin temperature</subject><subject>Spinal cord injuries</subject><subject>Thermometers</subject><issn>1362-4393</issn><issn>1476-5624</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kU1vFSEYhYnR2A_9AW4MiRs3o3wNA-5MtWrSpJt2TRh4Ua4zwwhMzf335XqrJiZueEnOcw68OQi9oOQNJVy9LYJyzTvCSEfEQDv6CJ1SMciul0w8bncuWScacoLOStkRQjTV6ik64YwPVHN1iuoHuIMprTMsFaeALS7f44IrzCtkW7cMeLYrDiljD3m2Nc1QcCPi4uNd9JudCv4Z6zdc1rjYCbuUfRN3W96_a2kup1K6Aq7GdJBL3fz-GXoSmg-eP8xzdHv58ebic3d1_enLxfurznEmajtHp9RIQbreEqdsEHzgILXwMhAPzAbQ3PfKczcObOypdEwH5ayk3gfJz9HrY-6a048NSjVzLA6myS6QtmIY15qJoR94Q1_9g-7SltuPGyWEFj1TlDaKHqlfa2UIZs1xtnlvKDGHSsyxEtMqMYdKzMHz8iF5G2fwfxy_O2gAOwKlSctXyH-f_n_qPYyAmKk</recordid><startdate>20201001</startdate><enddate>20201001</enddate><creator>Tancredo, Janaina R.</creator><creator>Tambascia, Rafael A.</creator><creator>Borges, Mariane</creator><creator>Fukuchi, Claudiane A.</creator><creator>Cliquet Junior, Alberto</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6524-6413</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201001</creationdate><title>Development of a skin temperature map for dermatomes in individuals with spinal cord injury: a cross-sectional study</title><author>Tancredo, Janaina R. ; Tambascia, Rafael A. ; Borges, Mariane ; Fukuchi, Claudiane A. ; Cliquet Junior, Alberto</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c324t-c3bc88b1e6c5a0c8af4373e694d6f0de2afe93d58d3cb72b516c29f8ca61ddf63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>692/1807/1812</topic><topic>692/617/375/1824</topic><topic>Anatomy</topic><topic>Autonomic nervous system</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Body temperature</topic><topic>Cross-sectional studies</topic><topic>Forehead</topic><topic>Human Physiology</topic><topic>Injuries</topic><topic>Neurochemistry</topic><topic>Neuropsychology</topic><topic>Neurosciences</topic><topic>Paralysis</topic><topic>Paraplegia</topic><topic>Paraplegics</topic><topic>Rehabilitation</topic><topic>Skin</topic><topic>Skin temperature</topic><topic>Spinal cord injuries</topic><topic>Thermometers</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tancredo, Janaina R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tambascia, Rafael A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borges, Mariane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fukuchi, Claudiane A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cliquet Junior, Alberto</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Journals</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Spinal cord</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tancredo, Janaina R.</au><au>Tambascia, Rafael A.</au><au>Borges, Mariane</au><au>Fukuchi, Claudiane A.</au><au>Cliquet Junior, Alberto</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Development of a skin temperature map for dermatomes in individuals with spinal cord injury: a cross-sectional study</atitle><jtitle>Spinal cord</jtitle><stitle>Spinal Cord</stitle><addtitle>Spinal Cord</addtitle><date>2020-10-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>58</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1090</spage><epage>1095</epage><pages>1090-1095</pages><issn>1362-4393</issn><eissn>1476-5624</eissn><abstract>Study design
Cross-sectional study.
Objective
The aim of this study was to map the skin temperature (Tsk) of individuals with SCI and compare able-bodied individuals, and among the groups to demonstrate the effects of differences in the levels of injury (paraplegia and tetraplegia with high and low injuries).
Setting
Outpatient clinic, Brazil.
Methods
Individuals with tetraplegia (
n
= 20), paraplegia (
n
= 21), and able-bodied (
n
= 11) individuals were recruited. A noncontact infrared thermometer (IRT) was used to measure three times the Tsk at the forehead, and at the C2 to S2 dermatomes. Core body temperature was measured at the axilla using the IRT and three other clinical thermometers.
Results
Autonomic regulation is impaired by the injury. A Tsk map was constructed for the three groups. Significant differences in the Tsk of dermatomes were observed when comparing individuals with SCI and the able-bodied at the following dermatomes: C3, C7, T2, T3, T8, T9, L1, L2, L4, and S2. When comparing individuals with tetraplegia and able-bodied individuals, the dermatomes that showed significant differences were C5, C6, C8, T1, T10, L3, and S1. Dermatomes C5–C7, and T5 showed significant differences between individuals with tetraplegia and those with paraplegia. For L5 and S1 in paraplegia significant differences were found when comparing high with low injury.
Conclusion
A Tsk map on dermatomes in individuals with SCI was implemented, and showed a significant difference between able-bodied. As temperature is a parameter for analyzing autonomic function, the study could benefit rehabilitation by providing baseline values when constructing clinical protocols.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>32371938</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41393-020-0471-1</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6524-6413</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | 692/1807/1812 692/617/375/1824 Anatomy Autonomic nervous system Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Body temperature Cross-sectional studies Forehead Human Physiology Injuries Neurochemistry Neuropsychology Neurosciences Paralysis Paraplegia Paraplegics Rehabilitation Skin Skin temperature Spinal cord injuries Thermometers |
title | Development of a skin temperature map for dermatomes in individuals with spinal cord injury: a cross-sectional study |
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