Three‐dimensional echocardiography assessment of carcinoid valvular heart disease: Images of each and all

A 54‐year‐old male was found to have neuroendocrine carcinoma with hepatic metastasis. Two‐dimensional (2D) transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) demonstrated dilated right ventricle and right atrium, and severe tricuspid and pulmonary regurgitation. Three‐dimensional (3D) TTE en‐face views showed th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2020-05, Vol.37 (5), p.791-793
Main Authors: Cai, Qiangjun, Beckles, Daniel L., Ahmad, Masood
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
carcinoid heart disease
pulmonary regurgitation
three‐dimensional echocardiography
tricuspid regurgitation
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Summary:A 54‐year‐old male was found to have neuroendocrine carcinoma with hepatic metastasis. Two‐dimensional (2D) transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) demonstrated dilated right ventricle and right atrium, and severe tricuspid and pulmonary regurgitation. Three‐dimensional (3D) TTE en‐face views showed thickened, retracted, and fixed tricuspid valve and pulmonic valve which remained widely open throughout the cardiac cycle. 3D TTE, particularly en‐face views, demonstrates incremental value over 2D TTE by providing precise valvular anatomic details comparable to surgical findings. 3D TTE also offers a unique opportunity to assess all four valves simultaneously with en‐face views to delineate their relationships with surrounding structures.
ISSN:0742-2822
1540-8175
DOI:10.1111/echo.14679