Two novel polysaccharides from Solanum nigrum L. exert potential prebiotic effects in an in vitro fermentation model

• Published in: International journal of biological macromolecules 2020-09, Vol.159, p.648-658
• Main Authors: Yao, Hong, Wang, Lei, Tang, Xin, Yang, Zhuo, Li, Huanyong, Sun, Chongzhen, Wu, Xiyang, Xu, Dan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Chromatography, Gas; Fatty Acids, Volatile - biosynthesis; Feces - chemistry; Feces - microbiology; Fermentation; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Human faecal microbiota alterations; Humans; Metagenome; Metagenomics - methods; Molecular Weight; Monosaccharides - chemistry; Polysaccharides - chemistry; Polysaccharides - isolation & purification; Prebiotics; Short-chain fatty acid production; Solanum nigrum - chemistry; Solanum nigrum L. polysaccharides
• ISSN: 0141-8130; 1879-0003
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.121

In this research, two novel polysaccharides (S1 and S2) from Solanum nigrum L were extracted and purified. Then homogeneity, molecular weights, major chemical contents and monosaccharide compositions of S1 and S2 were determined. Then, the effects of S1 and S2 on human faecal microbial community and short-chain fatty acid production were investigated using an in vitro fermentation model. Results showed that S1 and S2 have different impacts on human gut microbiota in vitro. S1 selectively promoted the abundance of 9 genera and the production of propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid and isovaleric acid; while S2 selectively promoted the abundance of 8 genera and the production of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, isovaleric acid and succinic acid. Also, S1 group had higher abundance of genera Butyricimonas and Megamonas and higher levels of lactic acid than S2; while S2 group had higher abundance of Megaphaera and higher levels of butyric acid, valeric acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid and succinic acid comparably. We concluded that S1 and S2 may have potential prebiotic functions. •The two polysaccharides have different molecular weights and monosaccharide compositions.•The two polysaccharides can maintain the alpha diversity of human faecal microbiota.•The two polysaccharides can selectively promote the abundance of several genera.•The two polysaccharides can selectively promote short-chain fatty acid production.