Relationship between age at giving fortified powdered cow’s milk and cessation of breastfeeding on the nutritional status of a Chilean child cohort followed from birth to 3 years of age

Background/objectives To examine how much of the variation in weight-for-height (WHZ) z -scores were associated with age at which breastfeeding ceased and provision of fortified cow’s milk (Leche Purita Fortificada, LPF) commenced in a cohort of children studied from birth to 3 years of age. Subject...

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Published in:European journal of clinical nutrition 2020-07, Vol.74 (7), p.1022-1028
Main Authors: Retamal, Rodrigo, Mascie-Taylor, C. G. Nicholas, Villegas, Rodrigo, Rodríguez-Osiac, Lorena
Format: Article
Language:English
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692/499
692/700/1720
692/700/2814
692/700/478
Age
Analysis
Birth
Body weight
Breast feeding
Breastfeeding & lactation
Children
Clinical Nutrition
Cow's milk
Epidemiology
Health aspects
Independent variables
Internal Medicine
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Milk
Nutritional status
Obesity
Overweight
Public Health
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Variance analysis
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container_issue 7
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container_title European journal of clinical nutrition
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creator Retamal, Rodrigo
Mascie-Taylor, C. G. Nicholas
Villegas, Rodrigo
Rodríguez-Osiac, Lorena
description Background/objectives To examine how much of the variation in weight-for-height (WHZ) z -scores were associated with age at which breastfeeding ceased and provision of fortified cow’s milk (Leche Purita Fortificada, LPF) commenced in a cohort of children studied from birth to 3 years of age. Subjects/methods Longitudinal data were obtained from routine medical check-ups on 8373 children from nine Chilean counties through convenience sampling. WHZ z -scores were generated at six-monthly intervals using WHO 2006 standards from birth to 3 years old (seven measurements). Age of cessation of breastfeeding and age of commencement of LPF were the independent variables. Repeated-measures ANOVA were used to analyse the changes in WHZ over the seven measurements. Binomial generalised estimating equations (GEE) were used to analyse the effect of each independent variable on the change from normal to overweight, and normal to obese over the seven measurements. Results ANOVA indicated that children given LPF milk before 3 months of age had, on average, higher mean WHZ of about 0.11 SD from 18 months of age onwards ( p  
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41430-020-0665-9
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G. Nicholas ; Villegas, Rodrigo ; Rodríguez-Osiac, Lorena</creator><creatorcontrib>Retamal, Rodrigo ; Mascie-Taylor, C. G. Nicholas ; Villegas, Rodrigo ; Rodríguez-Osiac, Lorena</creatorcontrib><description>Background/objectives To examine how much of the variation in weight-for-height (WHZ) z -scores were associated with age at which breastfeeding ceased and provision of fortified cow’s milk (Leche Purita Fortificada, LPF) commenced in a cohort of children studied from birth to 3 years of age. Subjects/methods Longitudinal data were obtained from routine medical check-ups on 8373 children from nine Chilean counties through convenience sampling. WHZ z -scores were generated at six-monthly intervals using WHO 2006 standards from birth to 3 years old (seven measurements). Age of cessation of breastfeeding and age of commencement of LPF were the independent variables. Repeated-measures ANOVA were used to analyse the changes in WHZ over the seven measurements. Binomial generalised estimating equations (GEE) were used to analyse the effect of each independent variable on the change from normal to overweight, and normal to obese over the seven measurements. Results ANOVA indicated that children given LPF milk before 3 months of age had, on average, higher mean WHZ of about 0.11 SD from 18 months of age onwards ( p  &lt; 0.001). GEE analyses showed that children given LPF before 3 months of age were significantly more likely to be overweight or obese (OR = 1) compared with children given LPF later (overweight OR: 0.809–0.970, p  = 0.009, obese (OR: 0.666–0.901, p  = 0.001). Conclusions Early intake of LPF increases WHZ and is a risk factor for overweight and obesity in young children, while prolonged breastfeeding acts as protective factor against obesity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0954-3007</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-5640</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-0665-9</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32457472</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>692/499 ; 692/700/1720 ; 692/700/2814 ; 692/700/478 ; Age ; Analysis ; Birth ; Body weight ; Breast feeding ; Breastfeeding &amp; lactation ; Children ; Clinical Nutrition ; Cow's milk ; Epidemiology ; Health aspects ; Independent variables ; Internal Medicine ; Medicine ; Medicine &amp; Public Health ; Metabolic Diseases ; Milk ; Nutritional status ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Public Health ; Risk analysis ; Risk factors ; Variance analysis</subject><ispartof>European journal of clinical nutrition, 2020-07, Vol.74 (7), p.1022-1028</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2020</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Nature Publishing Group</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2020.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c460t-7bf4a67ef33c6c115a2976c83a3e76dafd5c42f78c674a33582b272b5a8056cb3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7732-2580</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32457472$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Retamal, Rodrigo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mascie-Taylor, C. G. Nicholas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Villegas, Rodrigo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodríguez-Osiac, Lorena</creatorcontrib><title>Relationship between age at giving fortified powdered cow’s milk and cessation of breastfeeding on the nutritional status of a Chilean child cohort followed from birth to 3 years of age</title><title>European journal of clinical nutrition</title><addtitle>Eur J Clin Nutr</addtitle><addtitle>Eur J Clin Nutr</addtitle><description>Background/objectives To examine how much of the variation in weight-for-height (WHZ) z -scores were associated with age at which breastfeeding ceased and provision of fortified cow’s milk (Leche Purita Fortificada, LPF) commenced in a cohort of children studied from birth to 3 years of age. Subjects/methods Longitudinal data were obtained from routine medical check-ups on 8373 children from nine Chilean counties through convenience sampling. WHZ z -scores were generated at six-monthly intervals using WHO 2006 standards from birth to 3 years old (seven measurements). Age of cessation of breastfeeding and age of commencement of LPF were the independent variables. Repeated-measures ANOVA were used to analyse the changes in WHZ over the seven measurements. Binomial generalised estimating equations (GEE) were used to analyse the effect of each independent variable on the change from normal to overweight, and normal to obese over the seven measurements. Results ANOVA indicated that children given LPF milk before 3 months of age had, on average, higher mean WHZ of about 0.11 SD from 18 months of age onwards ( p  &lt; 0.001). GEE analyses showed that children given LPF before 3 months of age were significantly more likely to be overweight or obese (OR = 1) compared with children given LPF later (overweight OR: 0.809–0.970, p  = 0.009, obese (OR: 0.666–0.901, p  = 0.001). 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G. Nicholas</au><au>Villegas, Rodrigo</au><au>Rodríguez-Osiac, Lorena</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Relationship between age at giving fortified powdered cow’s milk and cessation of breastfeeding on the nutritional status of a Chilean child cohort followed from birth to 3 years of age</atitle><jtitle>European journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle><stitle>Eur J Clin Nutr</stitle><addtitle>Eur J Clin Nutr</addtitle><date>2020-07-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>74</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>1022</spage><epage>1028</epage><pages>1022-1028</pages><issn>0954-3007</issn><eissn>1476-5640</eissn><abstract>Background/objectives To examine how much of the variation in weight-for-height (WHZ) z -scores were associated with age at which breastfeeding ceased and provision of fortified cow’s milk (Leche Purita Fortificada, LPF) commenced in a cohort of children studied from birth to 3 years of age. Subjects/methods Longitudinal data were obtained from routine medical check-ups on 8373 children from nine Chilean counties through convenience sampling. WHZ z -scores were generated at six-monthly intervals using WHO 2006 standards from birth to 3 years old (seven measurements). Age of cessation of breastfeeding and age of commencement of LPF were the independent variables. Repeated-measures ANOVA were used to analyse the changes in WHZ over the seven measurements. Binomial generalised estimating equations (GEE) were used to analyse the effect of each independent variable on the change from normal to overweight, and normal to obese over the seven measurements. Results ANOVA indicated that children given LPF milk before 3 months of age had, on average, higher mean WHZ of about 0.11 SD from 18 months of age onwards ( p  &lt; 0.001). GEE analyses showed that children given LPF before 3 months of age were significantly more likely to be overweight or obese (OR = 1) compared with children given LPF later (overweight OR: 0.809–0.970, p  = 0.009, obese (OR: 0.666–0.901, p  = 0.001). Conclusions Early intake of LPF increases WHZ and is a risk factor for overweight and obesity in young children, while prolonged breastfeeding acts as protective factor against obesity.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>32457472</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41430-020-0665-9</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7732-2580</orcidid></addata></record>
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source Nexis UK; Springer Nature
subjects 692/499
692/700/1720
692/700/2814
692/700/478
Age
Analysis
Birth
Body weight
Breast feeding
Breastfeeding & lactation
Children
Clinical Nutrition
Cow's milk
Epidemiology
Health aspects
Independent variables
Internal Medicine
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Milk
Nutritional status
Obesity
Overweight
Public Health
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Variance analysis
title Relationship between age at giving fortified powdered cow’s milk and cessation of breastfeeding on the nutritional status of a Chilean child cohort followed from birth to 3 years of age
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