C-C and C-X coupling reactions of unactivated alkyl electrophiles using copper catalysis

Transition metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions are widely used for construction of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. However, compared to aryl or alkenyl electrophiles, the cross-coupling of unactivated alkyl electrophiles containing β hydrogens remains a challenge. Over the past few y...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemical Society reviews 2020-11, Vol.49 (22), p.836-864
Main Authors: Cheng, Li-Jie, Mankad, Neal P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aromatic compounds
Carbenes
Carbon
Chemical reactions
Copper
Cross coupling
Phosphines
Reagents
Transition metals
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Summary:Transition metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions are widely used for construction of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. However, compared to aryl or alkenyl electrophiles, the cross-coupling of unactivated alkyl electrophiles containing β hydrogens remains a challenge. Over the past few years, the use of suitable ligands such as bulky phosphines or N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) has enabled reactions of unactivated alkyl electrophiles not only limited to the traditional cross-coupling with Grignard reagents, but also including a diverse range of organic transformations via either S N 2 or radical pathways. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent development in copper-catalysed C-C, C-N, C-B, C-Si and C-F bond-forming reactions using unactivated alkyl electrophiles. Copper catalysts enable cross-coupling reactions of unactivated alkyl electrophiles to generate C-C and C-X bonds.
ISSN:0306-0012
1460-4744
DOI:10.1039/d0cs00316f