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Effects of a multinutrient-fortified milk drink combined with exercise on functional performance, muscle strength, body composition, inflammation, and oxidative stress in middle-aged women: a 4-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial
Multinutrient protein-enriched supplements are promoted to augment the effects of exercise on muscle mass and strength, but their effectiveness in middle-aged women, or whether there are any additional benefits to physical function, remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate whether a multinutrient-for...
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Published in: | The American journal of clinical nutrition 2020-08, Vol.112 (2), p.427-446 |
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description | Multinutrient protein-enriched supplements are promoted to augment the effects of exercise on muscle mass and strength, but their effectiveness in middle-aged women, or whether there are any additional benefits to physical function, remains uncertain.
We aimed to evaluate whether a multinutrient-fortified milk drink (MFMD) could enhance the effects of exercise on functional muscle power (stair climbing) in middle-aged women. Secondary aims were to evaluate the intervention effects on physical function, muscle strength, lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM), bone mineral content (BMC), muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), muscle density, balance, flexibility, aerobic fitness, inflammation, oxidative stress, bone and cartilage turnover, blood pressure, and blood lipids.
In this 4-mo, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial, 244 women (45–65 y) participated in a multimodal resistance-type exercise program 3 d/wk, with random allocation to a twice-daily MFMD containing added protein, vitamin D, calcium, milk fat globule membrane (phospholipids and other bioactives), and other micronutrients (Ex + MFMD, n = 123) or an energy-matched placebo (Ex + placebo, n = 121).
A total of 216 women (89%) completed the study. After 4 mo, both groups experienced similar 3.6%–4.3% improvements in the primary outcomes of fast-pace 5- and 10-step stair ascent power. In contrast, Ex + MFMD experienced greater improvements in 5-step regular-pace stair descent time [net difference (95% CI): −0.09 s (−0.18, 0.00 s), P = 0.045], countermovement jump height [0.5 cm (0.04, 1.0 cm), P = 0.038], total body LM [0.3 kg (0.04, 0.60 kg), P = 0.020], FM [−0.6 kg (−1.0, −0.2 kg), P = 0.004], BMC [0.4% (0.1%, 0.6%), P = 0.020], muscle CSA [thigh: 1.8% (0.6%, 2.9%), P = 0.003; lower leg: 0.9% (0.3%, 1.6%), P = 0.005], balance eyes closed [3.3 s (1.1, 5.4 s), P = 0.005], 2-min step performance [8 steps (3, 12 steps), P = 0.003], and sit-and-reach flexibility [1.4 cm (0.6, 2.2 cm), P = 0.026]. MFMD did not enhance the effects of exercise on any measures of muscle strength, gait speed, dynamic balance, reaction time, or blood lipids, and there was no effect of either intervention on blood pressure, markers of inflammation, or cartilage turnover. Ex + placebo had a greater improvement in the oxidative stress marker protein carbonyls (P < 0.01).
In middle-aged women, daily consumption of an MFMD did not enhance the effects of a multimodal exercise program on the primary outcome of stair climbing asc |
doi_str_mv | 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa126 |
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We aimed to evaluate whether a multinutrient-fortified milk drink (MFMD) could enhance the effects of exercise on functional muscle power (stair climbing) in middle-aged women. Secondary aims were to evaluate the intervention effects on physical function, muscle strength, lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM), bone mineral content (BMC), muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), muscle density, balance, flexibility, aerobic fitness, inflammation, oxidative stress, bone and cartilage turnover, blood pressure, and blood lipids.
In this 4-mo, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial, 244 women (45–65 y) participated in a multimodal resistance-type exercise program 3 d/wk, with random allocation to a twice-daily MFMD containing added protein, vitamin D, calcium, milk fat globule membrane (phospholipids and other bioactives), and other micronutrients (Ex + MFMD, n = 123) or an energy-matched placebo (Ex + placebo, n = 121).
A total of 216 women (89%) completed the study. After 4 mo, both groups experienced similar 3.6%–4.3% improvements in the primary outcomes of fast-pace 5- and 10-step stair ascent power. In contrast, Ex + MFMD experienced greater improvements in 5-step regular-pace stair descent time [net difference (95% CI): −0.09 s (−0.18, 0.00 s), P = 0.045], countermovement jump height [0.5 cm (0.04, 1.0 cm), P = 0.038], total body LM [0.3 kg (0.04, 0.60 kg), P = 0.020], FM [−0.6 kg (−1.0, −0.2 kg), P = 0.004], BMC [0.4% (0.1%, 0.6%), P = 0.020], muscle CSA [thigh: 1.8% (0.6%, 2.9%), P = 0.003; lower leg: 0.9% (0.3%, 1.6%), P = 0.005], balance eyes closed [3.3 s (1.1, 5.4 s), P = 0.005], 2-min step performance [8 steps (3, 12 steps), P = 0.003], and sit-and-reach flexibility [1.4 cm (0.6, 2.2 cm), P = 0.026]. MFMD did not enhance the effects of exercise on any measures of muscle strength, gait speed, dynamic balance, reaction time, or blood lipids, and there was no effect of either intervention on blood pressure, markers of inflammation, or cartilage turnover. Ex + placebo had a greater improvement in the oxidative stress marker protein carbonyls (P < 0.01).
In middle-aged women, daily consumption of an MFMD did not enhance the effects of a multimodal exercise program on the primary outcome of stair climbing ascent power, but did elicit greater improvements in multiple secondary outcomes including various other measures of functional performance, LM, muscle size, FM, balance, aerobic capacity, flexibility, and bone metabolism. This trial was registered at www.anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12617000383369.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9165</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-3207</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa126</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32469393</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Aerobic capacity ; Aged ; Aging - immunology ; Aging - metabolism ; Animal fat ; Animals ; Ascent ; Balance ; Blood pressure ; Body Composition ; Body fat ; Bone and Bones - chemistry ; Bone and Bones - metabolism ; Bone Density ; Bone mass ; Bone mineral content ; Bone turnover ; Calcium ; Carbonyl compounds ; Carbonyls ; Cartilage ; Cattle ; cytokines ; Dietary Supplements ; Double-Blind Method ; Double-blind studies ; Exercise ; Female ; Flexibility ; Food, Fortified - analysis ; Gait ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lipids ; Markers ; Metabolism ; Micronutrients ; Middle age ; Middle Aged ; Milk ; Milk - chemistry ; Milk - metabolism ; milk fat globule membrane ; Milk fat globule membranes ; milk protein ; muscle mass ; muscle power ; Muscle Strength ; Muscle, Skeletal - chemistry ; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology ; Oxidative Stress ; Phospholipids ; Physical fitness ; Physical Functional Performance ; Proteins ; Reaction time ; resistance training ; Thigh ; Vitamin D ; Vitamins - metabolism</subject><ispartof>The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2020-08, Vol.112 (2), p.427-446</ispartof><rights>2020 American Society for Nutrition.</rights><rights>Copyright © The Author(s) on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition 2020. 2020</rights><rights>Copyright © The Author(s) on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition 2020.</rights><rights>Copyright American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc. Aug 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c436t-7c8840769e44e10660007ee33231228d71e20f3f3eb70455b4ca40a976dc11bf3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c436t-7c8840769e44e10660007ee33231228d71e20f3f3eb70455b4ca40a976dc11bf3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9897-1598</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002916522008115$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3549,27924,27925,45780</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32469393$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Daly, Robin M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gianoudis, Jenny</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Ross, Belinda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>O’Connell, Stella L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kruger, Marlena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schollum, Linda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gunn, Caroline</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of a multinutrient-fortified milk drink combined with exercise on functional performance, muscle strength, body composition, inflammation, and oxidative stress in middle-aged women: a 4-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial</title><title>The American journal of clinical nutrition</title><addtitle>Am J Clin Nutr</addtitle><description>Multinutrient protein-enriched supplements are promoted to augment the effects of exercise on muscle mass and strength, but their effectiveness in middle-aged women, or whether there are any additional benefits to physical function, remains uncertain.
We aimed to evaluate whether a multinutrient-fortified milk drink (MFMD) could enhance the effects of exercise on functional muscle power (stair climbing) in middle-aged women. Secondary aims were to evaluate the intervention effects on physical function, muscle strength, lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM), bone mineral content (BMC), muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), muscle density, balance, flexibility, aerobic fitness, inflammation, oxidative stress, bone and cartilage turnover, blood pressure, and blood lipids.
In this 4-mo, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial, 244 women (45–65 y) participated in a multimodal resistance-type exercise program 3 d/wk, with random allocation to a twice-daily MFMD containing added protein, vitamin D, calcium, milk fat globule membrane (phospholipids and other bioactives), and other micronutrients (Ex + MFMD, n = 123) or an energy-matched placebo (Ex + placebo, n = 121).
A total of 216 women (89%) completed the study. After 4 mo, both groups experienced similar 3.6%–4.3% improvements in the primary outcomes of fast-pace 5- and 10-step stair ascent power. In contrast, Ex + MFMD experienced greater improvements in 5-step regular-pace stair descent time [net difference (95% CI): −0.09 s (−0.18, 0.00 s), P = 0.045], countermovement jump height [0.5 cm (0.04, 1.0 cm), P = 0.038], total body LM [0.3 kg (0.04, 0.60 kg), P = 0.020], FM [−0.6 kg (−1.0, −0.2 kg), P = 0.004], BMC [0.4% (0.1%, 0.6%), P = 0.020], muscle CSA [thigh: 1.8% (0.6%, 2.9%), P = 0.003; lower leg: 0.9% (0.3%, 1.6%), P = 0.005], balance eyes closed [3.3 s (1.1, 5.4 s), P = 0.005], 2-min step performance [8 steps (3, 12 steps), P = 0.003], and sit-and-reach flexibility [1.4 cm (0.6, 2.2 cm), P = 0.026]. MFMD did not enhance the effects of exercise on any measures of muscle strength, gait speed, dynamic balance, reaction time, or blood lipids, and there was no effect of either intervention on blood pressure, markers of inflammation, or cartilage turnover. Ex + placebo had a greater improvement in the oxidative stress marker protein carbonyls (P < 0.01).
In middle-aged women, daily consumption of an MFMD did not enhance the effects of a multimodal exercise program on the primary outcome of stair climbing ascent power, but did elicit greater improvements in multiple secondary outcomes including various other measures of functional performance, LM, muscle size, FM, balance, aerobic capacity, flexibility, and bone metabolism. This trial was registered at www.anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12617000383369.</description><subject>Aerobic capacity</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aging - immunology</subject><subject>Aging - metabolism</subject><subject>Animal fat</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Ascent</subject><subject>Balance</subject><subject>Blood pressure</subject><subject>Body Composition</subject><subject>Body fat</subject><subject>Bone and Bones - chemistry</subject><subject>Bone and Bones - metabolism</subject><subject>Bone Density</subject><subject>Bone mass</subject><subject>Bone mineral content</subject><subject>Bone turnover</subject><subject>Calcium</subject><subject>Carbonyl compounds</subject><subject>Carbonyls</subject><subject>Cartilage</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>cytokines</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>Double-Blind Method</subject><subject>Double-blind studies</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Flexibility</subject><subject>Food, Fortified - analysis</subject><subject>Gait</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Markers</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Micronutrients</subject><subject>Middle age</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Milk</subject><subject>Milk - chemistry</subject><subject>Milk - metabolism</subject><subject>milk fat globule membrane</subject><subject>Milk fat globule membranes</subject><subject>milk protein</subject><subject>muscle mass</subject><subject>muscle power</subject><subject>Muscle Strength</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - chemistry</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress</subject><subject>Phospholipids</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Physical Functional Performance</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Reaction time</subject><subject>resistance training</subject><subject>Thigh</subject><subject>Vitamin D</subject><subject>Vitamins - metabolism</subject><issn>0002-9165</issn><issn>1938-3207</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFks1v1DAQxSMEokvhxhlZ4kAPG2rHXifpDVXlQ6rEBc6RY49bb_2R2k5p-dd7wVEWDgiJkzWe33sej15VvSb4PcE9PRV76U_9rRCk4U-qDelpV9MGt0-rDca4qXvCd0fVi5T2GJOGdfx5dUQbxnva0031eKE1yJxQ0EggN9ts_JyjAZ9rHWI22oBCztgbpKLxN0gGNxpf7n6YfI3gHqI0CVDwSM9eZhO8sGiCWMROeAnbYpqkBZRyBH-Vr7doDOph8ZlCMotgi4zXVjgn1kp4hcK9UaW8W3UpFaRMoZSFWlwtrwcH_qyMzGoX_OKqwjyW7miNV1s0WSFhDLUszRishXIXi3Fw5meRlx8K-7J6poVN8OpwHlffP158O_9cX3799OX8w2UtGeW5bmXXMdzyHhgDgjkva20BKG0oaZpOtQQarKmmMLaY7XYjk4Jh0bdcSUJGTY-rk9V3iuF2hpQHZ5IEa4WHMKehYbgjfUt6XtC3f6H7MMey0oWiLen4juJCbVdKxpBSBD1M0TgRHwaChyUUwxKK4RCKgr85mM6jA_UH_p2CArxbgTBP_7PiKwllX3cG4pBkyYoEZWKJ0aCC-bfwF0Wb2e0</recordid><startdate>202008</startdate><enddate>202008</enddate><creator>Daly, Robin M</creator><creator>Gianoudis, Jenny</creator><creator>De Ross, Belinda</creator><creator>O’Connell, Stella L</creator><creator>Kruger, Marlena</creator><creator>Schollum, Linda</creator><creator>Gunn, Caroline</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9897-1598</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202008</creationdate><title>Effects of a multinutrient-fortified milk drink combined with exercise on functional performance, muscle strength, body composition, inflammation, and oxidative stress in middle-aged women: a 4-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial</title><author>Daly, Robin M ; Gianoudis, Jenny ; De Ross, Belinda ; O’Connell, Stella L ; Kruger, Marlena ; Schollum, Linda ; Gunn, Caroline</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c436t-7c8840769e44e10660007ee33231228d71e20f3f3eb70455b4ca40a976dc11bf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Aerobic capacity</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aging - immunology</topic><topic>Aging - metabolism</topic><topic>Animal fat</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Ascent</topic><topic>Balance</topic><topic>Blood pressure</topic><topic>Body Composition</topic><topic>Body fat</topic><topic>Bone and Bones - chemistry</topic><topic>Bone and Bones - metabolism</topic><topic>Bone Density</topic><topic>Bone mass</topic><topic>Bone mineral content</topic><topic>Bone turnover</topic><topic>Calcium</topic><topic>Carbonyl compounds</topic><topic>Carbonyls</topic><topic>Cartilage</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>cytokines</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements</topic><topic>Double-Blind Method</topic><topic>Double-blind studies</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Flexibility</topic><topic>Food, Fortified - analysis</topic><topic>Gait</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Markers</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Micronutrients</topic><topic>Middle age</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Milk</topic><topic>Milk - chemistry</topic><topic>Milk - metabolism</topic><topic>milk fat globule membrane</topic><topic>Milk fat globule membranes</topic><topic>milk protein</topic><topic>muscle mass</topic><topic>muscle power</topic><topic>Muscle Strength</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - chemistry</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress</topic><topic>Phospholipids</topic><topic>Physical fitness</topic><topic>Physical Functional Performance</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Reaction time</topic><topic>resistance training</topic><topic>Thigh</topic><topic>Vitamin D</topic><topic>Vitamins - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Daly, Robin M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gianoudis, Jenny</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Ross, Belinda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>O’Connell, Stella L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kruger, Marlena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schollum, Linda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gunn, Caroline</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The American journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Daly, Robin M</au><au>Gianoudis, Jenny</au><au>De Ross, Belinda</au><au>O’Connell, Stella L</au><au>Kruger, Marlena</au><au>Schollum, Linda</au><au>Gunn, Caroline</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of a multinutrient-fortified milk drink combined with exercise on functional performance, muscle strength, body composition, inflammation, and oxidative stress in middle-aged women: a 4-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial</atitle><jtitle>The American journal of clinical nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Clin Nutr</addtitle><date>2020-08</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>112</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>427</spage><epage>446</epage><pages>427-446</pages><issn>0002-9165</issn><eissn>1938-3207</eissn><abstract>Multinutrient protein-enriched supplements are promoted to augment the effects of exercise on muscle mass and strength, but their effectiveness in middle-aged women, or whether there are any additional benefits to physical function, remains uncertain.
We aimed to evaluate whether a multinutrient-fortified milk drink (MFMD) could enhance the effects of exercise on functional muscle power (stair climbing) in middle-aged women. Secondary aims were to evaluate the intervention effects on physical function, muscle strength, lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM), bone mineral content (BMC), muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), muscle density, balance, flexibility, aerobic fitness, inflammation, oxidative stress, bone and cartilage turnover, blood pressure, and blood lipids.
In this 4-mo, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial, 244 women (45–65 y) participated in a multimodal resistance-type exercise program 3 d/wk, with random allocation to a twice-daily MFMD containing added protein, vitamin D, calcium, milk fat globule membrane (phospholipids and other bioactives), and other micronutrients (Ex + MFMD, n = 123) or an energy-matched placebo (Ex + placebo, n = 121).
A total of 216 women (89%) completed the study. After 4 mo, both groups experienced similar 3.6%–4.3% improvements in the primary outcomes of fast-pace 5- and 10-step stair ascent power. In contrast, Ex + MFMD experienced greater improvements in 5-step regular-pace stair descent time [net difference (95% CI): −0.09 s (−0.18, 0.00 s), P = 0.045], countermovement jump height [0.5 cm (0.04, 1.0 cm), P = 0.038], total body LM [0.3 kg (0.04, 0.60 kg), P = 0.020], FM [−0.6 kg (−1.0, −0.2 kg), P = 0.004], BMC [0.4% (0.1%, 0.6%), P = 0.020], muscle CSA [thigh: 1.8% (0.6%, 2.9%), P = 0.003; lower leg: 0.9% (0.3%, 1.6%), P = 0.005], balance eyes closed [3.3 s (1.1, 5.4 s), P = 0.005], 2-min step performance [8 steps (3, 12 steps), P = 0.003], and sit-and-reach flexibility [1.4 cm (0.6, 2.2 cm), P = 0.026]. MFMD did not enhance the effects of exercise on any measures of muscle strength, gait speed, dynamic balance, reaction time, or blood lipids, and there was no effect of either intervention on blood pressure, markers of inflammation, or cartilage turnover. Ex + placebo had a greater improvement in the oxidative stress marker protein carbonyls (P < 0.01).
In middle-aged women, daily consumption of an MFMD did not enhance the effects of a multimodal exercise program on the primary outcome of stair climbing ascent power, but did elicit greater improvements in multiple secondary outcomes including various other measures of functional performance, LM, muscle size, FM, balance, aerobic capacity, flexibility, and bone metabolism. This trial was registered at www.anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12617000383369.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>32469393</pmid><doi>10.1093/ajcn/nqaa126</doi><tpages>20</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9897-1598</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2408197196 |
source | ScienceDirect |
subjects | Aerobic capacity Aged Aging - immunology Aging - metabolism Animal fat Animals Ascent Balance Blood pressure Body Composition Body fat Bone and Bones - chemistry Bone and Bones - metabolism Bone Density Bone mass Bone mineral content Bone turnover Calcium Carbonyl compounds Carbonyls Cartilage Cattle cytokines Dietary Supplements Double-Blind Method Double-blind studies Exercise Female Flexibility Food, Fortified - analysis Gait Humans Inflammation Lipids Markers Metabolism Micronutrients Middle age Middle Aged Milk Milk - chemistry Milk - metabolism milk fat globule membrane Milk fat globule membranes milk protein muscle mass muscle power Muscle Strength Muscle, Skeletal - chemistry Muscle, Skeletal - physiology Oxidative Stress Phospholipids Physical fitness Physical Functional Performance Proteins Reaction time resistance training Thigh Vitamin D Vitamins - metabolism |
title | Effects of a multinutrient-fortified milk drink combined with exercise on functional performance, muscle strength, body composition, inflammation, and oxidative stress in middle-aged women: a 4-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial |
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