Increased prostacyclin formation after high-intensity interval training in late postmenopausal women

• Published in: European journal of applied physiology 2020-07, Vol.120 (7), p.1711-1720
• Main Authors: Gliemann, Lasse, Tamariz-Ellemann, Andrea, Baasch-Skytte, Thomas, Ehlers, Thomas S., Gunnarsson, Thomas P.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholine - pharmacology; Aged; Aging; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Blood pressure; Blood Pressure - drug effects; Epoprostenol - pharmacology; Exercise - physiology; Female; Femur; Fitness training programs; Health risk assessment; High-Intensity Interval Training - methods; Human Physiology; Humans; Interval training; Leg; Menopause; Middle Aged; Nitric oxide; Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine; Original Article; Physical training; Post-menopause; Postmenopause - physiology; Prostacyclin; Smooth muscle; Sports Medicine
• ISSN: 1439-6319; 1439-6327; 1439-6327
• DOI: 10.1007/s00421-020-04405-6

Purpose Aging impairs vascular function in women, with the largest detrimental effects occurring during the menopausal transition. Deficiency in the nitric oxide system has been suggested to be responsible for impairment in vascular function with aging, but recent observations suggest that the prostacyclin system, acting in redundancy with the nitric oxide system, may be of importance too. Improvement in vascular function is a hallmark of exercise training and we hypothesize that leg vascular function is improved by exercise training in late postmenopausal women, and that the underlying mechanism is increased endothelial formation of prostacyclin and responsiveness to prostacyclin by the vascular smooth muscle cells. Method Femoral-arterial infusion of acetylcholine and epoprostenol was used to assess vascular function and prostacyclin release in ten late postmenopausal women (62 ± 7 years) before and after 10 weeks of high-intensity interval training (floorball conducted as small-sided games). Result The training intervention increased fitness level ( V̇ O 2max ) by 7 ± 7% and reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 10 ± 10 and 5 ± 6 mmHg, respectively. Leg vascular responsiveness to during acetylcholine and epoprostenol infusion was unchanged with training, whereas the release of prostacyclin during acetylcholine infusion increased by 125%. Conclusions In late postmenopausal women, vascular function assessed by femoral-arterial infusion of acetylcholine was not improved after 10 weeks of floorball training, but acetylcholine-induced prostacyclin formation and blood pressure were substantially improved. It is possible that a longer training period could lead to improvements in vascular function and that the observed increase in prostacyclin formation is one of the initial underlying changes.