Recent advances in modulators of circadian rhythms: an update and perspective

• Published in: Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry 2020-01, Vol.35 (1), p.1267-1286
• Main Authors: Huang, Shenzhen, Jiao, Xinwei, Lu, Dingli, Pei, Xiaoting, Qi, Di, Li, Zhijie
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adaptability; Cardiovascular diseases; Circadian rhythm; Circadian Rhythm - drug effects; Circadian Rhythm - physiology; circadian rhythm-related disease; Circadian rhythms; clock proteins; Disease; Humans; Immunological diseases; Metabolic syndrome; Neurological diseases; Neuromodulation; post-modification targets; Review; Sleep; Sleep disorders; small-molecule modulators
• ISSN: 1475-6366; 1475-6374
• DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1772249

Circadian rhythm is a universal life phenomenon that plays an important role in maintaining the multiple physiological functions and regulating the adaptability to internal and external environments of flora and fauna. Circadian alignment in humans has the greatest effect on human health, and circadian misalignment is closely associated with increased risk for metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, immune diseases, cancer, sleep disorders, and ophthalmic diseases. The recent description of clock proteins and related post-modification targets was involved in several diseases, and numerous lines of evidence are emerging that small molecule modulators of circadian rhythms can be used to rectify circadian disorder. Herein, we attempt to update the disclosures about the modulators targeting core clock proteins and related post-modification targets, as well as the relationship between circadian rhythm disorders and human health as well as the therapeutic role and prospect of these small molecule modulators in circadian rhythm related disease.