Croton urucurana Baillon stem bark ointment accelerates the closure of cutaneous wounds in knockout IL-10 mice

• Published in: Journal of ethnopharmacology 2020-10, Vol.261, p.113042-113042, Article 113042
• Main Authors: Casao, Thalia del Rosario Loyo, Pinheiro, Camila Graça, Sarandy, Mariáurea Matias, Zanatta, Ana Caroline, Vilegas, Wagner, Novaes, Rômulo Dias, Gonçalves, Reggiani Vilela, Viana Leite, João Paulo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - isolation & purification; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Antioxidants - isolation & purification; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Croton - chemistry; Croton urucurana; Disease Models, Animal; Inflammation Mediators - metabolism; Interleukin-10 - deficiency; Interleukin-10 - genetics; Interleukin-10 - metabolism; Medicinal plant; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Ointments; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Plant Bark - chemistry; Plant Extracts - isolation & purification; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Proanthocyanidins; Skin - drug effects; Skin - injuries; Skin - metabolism; Skin - pathology; Time Factors; Wound healing; Wound Healing - drug effects; Wounds and Injuries - drug therapy; Wounds and Injuries - genetics; Wounds and Injuries - metabolism; Wounds and Injuries - pathology
• ISSN: 0378-8741; 1872-7573
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113042

Croton urucurana Baill. (Euphorbiaceae) is a plant used in Brazilian popular medicine for the treatment of wound healing, inflammatory diseases, gastritis, infections, and hemorrhoids. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vivo wound healing activity of an ointment based on ethanolic extract of C. urucurana stem bark, at concentrations of 5% and 10%, and to relate it with compounds that could be associated with this activity. Analyses by FIA-ESI-IT-MSn were carried out to investigate the chemical composition of C. urucurana. Knockout IL-10 (n = 60) mice and wild type C57 (n = 12) mice were separated into 6 groups to evaluate the wound healing activity. Knockout IL-10 mice: SAL (0.9% saline); BAS (ointment base); SS (1% silver sulfadiazine); CR1 (ointment with extract of C. urucurana 5%); CR2 (ointment with extract of C. urucurana 10%); and wild mice C57: SALC57 (Saline 0.9%). A circular wound with 10 mm in diameter was generated on the dorsal of the animals. Tissue specimen of the wounds were removed on days 7 and 14 of the treatment for histopathological, oxidative status and analyses of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines in scar tissue. In the phytochemical profile, twelve proanthocyanidins were identified (in the form of monomers, dimers, trimers, and tetramers), based on (epi)catechin and (epi)gallocatechin. Furthermore, two quercetin derivatives and two alkaloids were detected. The groups treated with CR1 and CR2 ointments presented higher rate of wound closure, increased total number of cells, mast cells, blood vessels and higher deposition of type III and I collagen. In addition, they showed increased amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL- 2 and IFN-γ), and anti-inflmatory cytokines (IL-4), on the 7th day of treatment. The results presented support the popular use of preparations based on the bark of C. urucurana as a healing compound. [Display omitted]