Faecal Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Calprotectin Versus Lipocalin-2—a Comparative Study

Abstract Background and Aims Faecal biomarkers, particularly calprotectin [FCAL], have become important diagnostic and monitoring tools in inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD]. As FCAL is mainly produced by neutrophils, we hypothesised that faecal lipocalin-2 [FLCN2], also expressed by intestinal epith...

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Published in:Journal of Crohn's and colitis 2021-01, Vol.15 (1), p.43-54
Main Authors: Zollner, Andreas, Schmiderer, Andreas, Reider, Simon J, Oberhuber, Georg, Pfister, Alexandra, Texler, Bernhard, Watschinger, Christina, Koch, Robert, Effenberger, Maria, Raine, Tim, Tilg, Herbert, Moschen, Alexander R
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Abstract Background and Aims Faecal biomarkers, particularly calprotectin [FCAL], have become important diagnostic and monitoring tools in inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD]. As FCAL is mainly produced by neutrophils, we hypothesised that faecal lipocalin-2 [FLCN2], also expressed by intestinal epithelial cells [IEC], could be beneficial in specific clinical situations. Methods We compared clinical and endoscopic activity-related correlations between FCAL and FLCN2, assayed from the same sample, in a cohort of 132 patients (72 Crohn’s disease [CD]) and 40 controls. A detailed analysis of cellular origins was done by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. To evaluate the potential to detect low-grade inflammation, we studied faecal and tissue concentrations in a cohort with clinical, endoscopic, and histological remission. Results There was an excellent correlation between FCAL and FLCN2 [rS = 0.87, p
ISSN:1873-9946
1876-4479
DOI:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa124