Illustrative review of knee meniscal tear patterns, repair and replacement options, and imaging evaluation

This review article aims to reinforce anatomical concepts about meniscal tears while linking associated treatment options. The main teaching points start with the basic meniscal anatomy and key differences between the medial and lateral menisci. Subsequently, various meniscal tear patterns along wit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical imaging 2021-01, Vol.69, p.4-16
Main Authors: Patel, Heetabh, Skalski, Matthew R., Patel, Dakshesh B., White, Eric A., Tomasian, Anderanik, Gross, Jordan S., Vangsness, C. Thomas, Matcuk, George R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arthroscopy
Collagen
Fibroblasts
Humans
Imaging
Injuries
Knee
Knee Injuries - diagnostic imaging
Knee Injuries - surgery
Knee Joint
Ligaments
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Meniscal repair
Meniscal replacement
Meniscal tear patterns
Meniscectomy
Menisci, Tibial - diagnostic imaging
Menisci, Tibial - surgery
Meniscus
Morphology
Reviews
Tibial Meniscus Injuries - diagnostic imaging
Tibial Meniscus Injuries - surgery
Veins & arteries
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Summary:This review article aims to reinforce anatomical concepts about meniscal tears while linking associated treatment options. The main teaching points start with the basic meniscal anatomy and key differences between the medial and lateral menisci. Subsequently, various meniscal tear patterns along with their associated history and physical exam findings will be discussed with corresponding illustrations and MR images. Additional discussion will involve the different surgical repair techniques (with arthroscopic correlates), their indications with pertinent imaging findings, imaging related to previous meniscal tear repairs, and novel surgical techniques. Lastly, keys to evaluating for retear with an emphasis on MRI arthrogram findings will be reviewed. While each of these topics is not discussed in totality, the key points of the review article will enforce key concepts and help radiologists evaluate the menisci on imaging. •MRI is the imaging modality of choice for evaluation of suspected meniscal tears.•The meniscal tear patterns are radial, horizontal, vertical, oblique, and complex.•Surgical management options include partial meniscectomy and meniscal repair.•More novel techniques include meniscal transplantation and scaffolding.•Meniscal re-tears are best evaluated with MR arthrography.
ISSN:0899-7071
1873-4499
DOI:10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.06.045