Cytotoxicity in Epstein Barr virus specific immune control

•Persistent oncogenic Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection is kept in check by cytotoxic lymphocytes.•Primary immunodeficiencies suggest these to primarily be CD27+2B4+4-1BB+NKG2D+CD8+ T cells.•Immune control of EBV in humanized mice is mediated by 2B4+CD8+ T cells. Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is the mos...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current opinion in virology 2021-02, Vol.46, p.1-8
Main Author: Münz, Christian
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:•Persistent oncogenic Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection is kept in check by cytotoxic lymphocytes.•Primary immunodeficiencies suggest these to primarily be CD27+2B4+4-1BB+NKG2D+CD8+ T cells.•Immune control of EBV in humanized mice is mediated by 2B4+CD8+ T cells. Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is the most common human tumor virus, persistently infecting more than 95% of the human adult population and readily transforming human B cell in culture. Fortunately, only a small minority of EBV carriers develops virus associated malignancies. The majority controls persistent EBV infection with cytotoxic lymphocytes, mainly NK, γδ and CD8+ T cells and the characteristics of the required immune responses get more and more defined by primary immunodeficiencies that affect molecules of these cytotoxic lymphocytes and their investigation in mice with reconstituted human immune system components (humanized mice) that are susceptible to EBV infection and associated lymphomagenesis. The gained information should be able to guide us to develop immunotherapies against EBV and tumors in general.
ISSN:1879-6257
1879-6265
DOI:10.1016/j.coviro.2020.07.011