Lateral spread and percutaneous penetration: An overview

[Display omitted] •Lateral spread is a competitive process to percutaneous penetration.•Lateral spread follows a characteristic pattern.•Lateral spread is affected by formulation, drug properties, human factors, and time.•Lateral spread may reduce the amount or rate of systemic drug absorption.•Late...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of pharmaceutics 2020-10, Vol.588, p.119765-119765, Article 119765
Main Authors: Law, Rebecca M., Maibach, Howard I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Lateral diffusion
Lateral spread
Percutaneous penetration
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Summary:[Display omitted] •Lateral spread is a competitive process to percutaneous penetration.•Lateral spread follows a characteristic pattern.•Lateral spread is affected by formulation, drug properties, human factors, and time.•Lateral spread may reduce the amount or rate of systemic drug absorption.•Lateral spread may affect the accuracy of quantification studies unless corrected for. Lateral spread, a phenomenon with significance for percutaneous application of drugs or chemicals but often overlooked, is a competitive process to drug or chemical penetration into stratum corneum and beyond. Its effect may vary depending on factors such as physicochemical properties, formulation, skin surface topography etc. It may impact clinical use of topical drugs or percutaneous research including bioequivalence studies. Consequences may include less drug absorbed systemically or reduced rate of absorption. For quantitation studies and risk assessment, lateral spread may need to be incorporated as a “correction factor”.
ISSN:0378-5173
1873-3476
DOI:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119765