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Impact of climate change and early development of coffee rust – An overview of control strategies to preserve organic cultivars in Mexico

Coffee is one of the most important commercial traded commodities in the international market, as well as the most popular beverage around the world. In Mexico, organic coffee cultivation (specifically, Arabica coffee crops) is a highly demanded that generates up to 500,000 employments in 14 federal...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Science of the total environment 2020-10, Vol.738, p.140225-140225, Article 140225
Main Authors: Torres Castillo, Nora E., Melchor-Martínez, Elda M., Ochoa Sierra, Jhosseph S., Ramirez-Mendoza, Ricardo A., Parra-Saldívar, Roberto, Iqbal, Hafiz M.N.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Coffee is one of the most important commercial traded commodities in the international market, as well as the most popular beverage around the world. In Mexico, organic coffee cultivation (specifically, Arabica coffee crops) is a highly demanded that generates up to 500,000 employments in 14 federal entities. Among various coffee producers, Chiapas, Veracruz, and Oaxaca are responsible of 80% of the total coffee production in the country. Currently, Mexico is the leading producer of organic coffee in the world. However, there have been a slow recovery due to the large production losses since 2012, caused by earlier and highly aggressive outbreaks of coffee leaf rust (CLR), in the country, where the infectious agent is known as Hemileia vastatrix (HV). This phenomenon is becoming frequent, and climate change effects could be the main contributors. This spontaneous proliferation was generated in Mexico, due to the precipitation and temperature variability, during the last decade. As result, in Mexico, the biological interaction between coffee crops and their environment has been harmed and crucial characteristics, as crop yield and quality, are particularly being affected, directly by the negative effects of the greenhouse phenomenon, and indirectly, through diseases as CLR. Therefore, this review discusses the contribution of climate change effects in the early development of CLR in Mexico. The focus is also given on possible schemes and actions taken around the world as control measures to adapt the vulnerable coffee varieties to tackle this challenging issue. [Display omitted] •Mexico is the leading producer worldwide regarding organic coffee.•Climate change has a strong relationship with the early development of Hemileia vastatrix.•The variabilities generated in the rainfall and temperature patterns are presented.•More technological strategies and breeding programs must be implemented.
ISSN:0048-9697
1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140225