The influence of macro-textural designs over implant surface on bone on-growth: A computational mechanobiology based study

• Published in: Computers in biology and medicine 2020-09, Vol.124, p.103937-103937, Article 103937
• Main Authors: Ghosh, Rajdeep, Chanda, Souptick, Chakraborty, Debabrata
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Biomechanics; Biomedical materials; Bone growth; Bone on-growth; Bone-implant interfaces; Chondrogenesis; Computer applications; Defects; Dental implants; Differentiation (biology); Finite element analysis; Finite element method; Fractures; Grooves; Growth patterns; Influence; Interfaces; Interfacial strength; Macro-texture; Mathematical models; Mechanoregulation; Micromotion; Osteogenesis; Prostheses; Surface layers; Uncemented implant
• ISSN: 0010-4825; 1879-0534
• DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103937

The longerterm secondary stability of an uncemented implant depends primarily on the quality and extent of bone in-growth or on-growth at the bone-implant interface. Investigations are warranted to predict the influences of implant macro-textures on bone on-growth pattern. Mechanoregulatory tissue differentiation algorithms can predict such patterns effectively. There is, however, a dearth of volumetric in silico study to assess the influence of macro-textures on bone growth. The present study investigated the influence of macro-textural grooves/ribs on changes in tissue formation at the bone-implant interface by carrying out a 3D finite element (FE) analysis. Three distinct macro-textures, loosely based on commercially viable hip stem models, were comparatively assessed for varying levels of interfacial micromotion. The study predicted elevated fibrogenesis and chondrogenesis, followed by a suppressed osteogenesis for higher levels of micromotion (60 μm and 100 μm), resulting in weak bone-implant interface strength. However, small judicious modifications in implant surface texture may enhance bone growth to a considerable extent. The numerical scheme can further be used as a template for more rigorous parametric and multi-scale studies. •Proposed mechanoregulatory scheme to study influence of macro-textures on tissue formation at the bone-implant interface.•Three distinct macro-textures were comparatively evaluated for the quality and extent of bone on-growth.•Enhanced fibrogenesis and chondrogenesis followed by a reduced osteogenesis was predicted under higher levels of micromotion.•Judicious modifications in the surface geometry of uncemented implants may enhance bone formation to a considerable extent.