The role of oxytocin and vasopressin dysfunction in cognitive impairment and mental disorders

Oxytocin (OXT) and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) are structurally homologous peptide hormones synthesized in the hypothalamus. Nowadays, the role of OXT and AVP in the regulation of social behaviour and emotions is generally known. However, recent researches indicate that peptides also participate in c...

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Published in:Neuropeptides (Edinburgh) 2020-10, Vol.83, p.102079-102079, Article 102079
Main Authors: Abramova, Olga, Zorkina, Yana, Ushakova, Valeria, Zubkov, Eugene, Morozova, Anna, Chekhonin, Vladimir
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amygdala
Arginine
Arginine-vasopressin
Argipressin
Autism
Cognitive ability
Cognitive function
Depression
Hippocampus
Hypothalamus
Learning
Memory
Mental disorders
Oxytocin
Peptide hormones
Peptides
Prefrontal cortex
Schizophrenia
Social behavior
Spatial memory
Vasopressin
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Summary:Oxytocin (OXT) and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) are structurally homologous peptide hormones synthesized in the hypothalamus. Nowadays, the role of OXT and AVP in the regulation of social behaviour and emotions is generally known. However, recent researches indicate that peptides also participate in cognitive functioning. This review presents the evidence that the OXT/AVP systems are involved in the formation of social, working, spatial and episodic memory, mediated by such brain structures as the hippocampal CA2 and CA3 regions, amygdala and prefrontal cortex. Some data have demonstrated that the OXT receptor's polymorphisms are associated with impaired memory in humans, and OXT knockout in mice is connected with memory deficit. Additionally, OXT and AVP are involved in mental disorders' progression. Stress-induced imbalance of the OXT/AVP systems leads to an increased risk of various mental disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, and autism. At the same time, cognitive deficits are observed in stress and mental disorders, and perhaps peptide hormones play a part in this. The final part of the review describes possible therapeutic strategies for the use of OXT and AVP for treatment of various mental disorders.
ISSN:0143-4179
1532-2785
DOI:10.1016/j.npep.2020.102079