Identification of the endosymbionts from Sulla spinosissima growing in a lead mine tailings in Eastern Morocco as Mesorhizobium camelthorni sv. aridi

• Published in: Journal of applied microbiology 2021-03, Vol.130 (3), p.948-959
• Main Authors: Lamin, H., Alami, S., Bouhnik, O., Bennis, M., Benkritly, S., Abdelmoumen, H., Bedmar, E.J., Missbah‐El Idrissi, M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 16S rRNA genes; Alfalfa; Arid regions; Bacterial Proteins - genetics; biodiversity; Desert animals; Endosymbionts; Fabaceae - microbiology; Fingerprinting; French beans; Genes; Genes, Essential - genetics; Heavy metals; Host range; Host Specificity; housekeeping genes; Lead; Lead - metabolism; Legumes; Mesorhizobium; Mesorhizobium - classification; Mesorhizobium - physiology; Mesorhizobium camelthorni; Mine tailings; Mine wastes; Mining; mining site tailings; Morocco; NifH gene; Nodulation; nodulation genes; Nodules; Phylogeny; Plant Root Nodulation - genetics; Polymerase chain reaction; Prosopis; RecA protein; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; Root nodules; Root Nodules, Plant - microbiology; rRNA 16S; Similarity; Soil contamination; Soil Microbiology; Soils; Strains (organisms); Sulla spinosissima; Symbiosis - genetics; Symbiovar aridi
• ISSN: 1364-5072; 1365-2672
• DOI: 10.1111/jam.14834

Aims To identify the bacteria nodulating Sulla spinosissima growing profusely in a lead and zinc mine tailings in Eastern Morocco. Methods and Results In all, 32 rhizobial cultures, isolated from root nodules of S. spinosissima growing in soils of the mining site, were tolerant to different heavy metals. The ERIC‐polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprinting analysis clustered the isolates into seven different groups, and the analysis of the 16S rRNA sequences of four selected representative strains, showed they were related to different species of the genus Mesorhizobium. The atpD, glnII and recA housekeeping genes analysis confirmed the affiliation of the four representative strains to Mesorhizobium camelthorni CCNWXJ40‐4T, with similarity percentages varying from 96·30 to 98·30%. The sequences of the nifH gene had 97·33–97·78% similarities with that of M. camelthorni CCNWXJ40‐4T; however, the nodC phylogeny of the four strains diverged from the type and other reference strains of M. camelthorni and formed a separated cluster. The four strains nodulate also Astragalus gombiformis and A. armatus but did not nodulate A. boeticus, Vachellia gummifera, Prosopis chilensis, Cicer arietinum, Lens culinaris, Medicago truncatula, Lupinus luteus or Phaseolus vulgaris. Conclusions Based on similarities of the nodC symbiotic gene and differences in the host range, the strains isolated from S. spinosissima growing in soils of the Sidi Boubker mining site may form a different symbiovar within Mesorhizobium for which the name aridi is proposed. Significance and Impact of the Study In this work, we show that strains of M. camelthorni species nodulating S. spinosissima in the arid area of Eastern Morocco constitute a distinct phylogenetic clade of nodulation genes; we named symbiovar aridi, which encompasses also mesorhizobia from other Mediterranean desert legumes.