Wastewater based microalgal biorefinery for bioenergy production: Progress and challenges

Treatment of industrial and domestic wastewater is very important to protect downstream users from health risks and meet the freshwater demand of the ever-increasing world population. Different types of wastewater (textile, dairy, pharmaceutical, swine, municipal, etc.) vary in composition and requi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Science of the total environment 2021-01, Vol.751, p.141599-141599, Article 141599
Main Authors: Bhatia, Shashi Kant, Mehariya, Sanjeet, Bhatia, Ravi Kant, Kumar, Manu, Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan, Awasthi, Mukesh Kumar, Atabani, A.E., Kumar, Gopalakrishnan, Kim, Wooseong, Seo, Seung-Oh, Yang, Yung-Hun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bioenergy
Feedstock
Management
Resource recovery
Treatment
Wastewater
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Summary:Treatment of industrial and domestic wastewater is very important to protect downstream users from health risks and meet the freshwater demand of the ever-increasing world population. Different types of wastewater (textile, dairy, pharmaceutical, swine, municipal, etc.) vary in composition and require different treatment strategies. Wastewater management and treatment is an expensive process; hence, it is important to integrate relevant technology into this process to make it more feasible and cost-effective. Wastewater treatment using microalgae-based technology could be a global solution for resource recovery from wastewater and to provide affordable feedstock for bioenergy (biodiesel, biohydrogen, bio-alcohol, methane, and bioelectricity) production. Various microalgal cultivation systems (open or closed photobioreactors), turf scrubber, and hybrid systems have been developed. Although many algal biomass harvesting methods (physical, chemical, biological, and electromagnetic) have been reported, it is still an expensive process. In this review article, resource recovery from wastewater using algal cultivation, biomass harvesting, and various technologies applied in converting algal biomass into bioenergy, along with the various challenges that are encountered are discussed in brief. [Display omitted] •Wastewater treatment and management is required to protect environment.•Microalgae based wastewater treatment helps in resource recovery from wastewater.•Need to adopt hybrid technology for microalgae cultivation to improve productivity.•Recovered biomass can be used to produce bioenergy and commercial products.
ISSN:0048-9697
1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141599