Inhaled hypertonic saline after pediatric lung transplant—Caution required?

• Published in: Pediatric transplantation 2020-12, Vol.24 (8), p.e13843-n/a
• Main Authors: Shkurka, Emma, Spencer, Helen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: early post‐operative period; inhalation therapy; Lung transplantation; Lung transplants; Mechanical ventilation; Oxygen; pediatric lung transplant; Pediatrics; Population studies; Statistical analysis; Ventilation
• ISSN: 1397-3142; 1399-3046
• DOI: 10.1111/petr.13843

Management of pulmonary infection following lung transplant is multifaceted and includes respiratory physiotherapy. Inhaled hypertonic saline (HTS) has been introduced as an adjunct to physiotherapy in pediatric transplant patients. There are no published studies investigating the use of HTS in this population. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inhaled HTS, in the acute post‐operative period, in pediatric lung transplant patients. A retrospective case‐note review was completed at a single UK pediatric transplant center. An intervention group who received HTS was compared to a historical control group. Participants were frequency matched for age, gender, and diagnosis (14 per group); median age in years was 13.7(IQR 12.7‐15.3) in the controls and 14.8(IQR 12.4‐16.1) in the intervention group. Primary outcome was the requirement of invasive and non‐invasive ventilation. Secondary outcomes included oxygen use and length of stay. Median days of invasive ventilation were shorter in the control group (1, 95% CI 1‐1) compared to the intervention group (2, 95% CI 1‐2.5) (P