Low carbohydrate diet and all cause and cause-specific mortality

• Published in: Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Scotland), 2021-04, Vol.40 (4), p.2016-2024
• Main Authors: Akter, Shamima, Mizoue, Tetsuya, Nanri, Akiko, Goto, Atsushi, Noda, Mitsuhiko, Sawada, Norie, Yamaji, Taiki, Iwasaki, Motoki, Inoue, Manami, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Tsugane, S., Sawada, N., Iwasaki, M., Ninue, M., Yamaji, T., Goto, A., Shimazu, T.T., Charvat, H., Budhathoki, S., Muto, M., Suzuki, H., Miamizono, T., Kobayashi, Y., Iriei, M., Doi, M., Katagiri, M., Tagami, T., Sou, Y., Uehara, M., Hakubo, Y., Yamagishi, Noda, M., Mizoue, T., Kawauchi, Y., Nakamura, K., Takachi, R., Ishihara, J., Iso, H., Sovue, T., Sito, I., Yasuda, N., Mimura, M., Sakata, K.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cancer mortality; Cardiovascular disease mortality; Low carbohydrate diet; Mortality
• ISSN: 0261-5614; 1532-1983
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.09.022

Evidence is limited regarding the association between low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) score and mortality among Asians, a population that consumes a large amount of carbohydrates. The present study examined the association between low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) score (based on percentage of energy as carbohydrate, fat, and protein) and the risk of total and cause-specific mortality among Asians. This study was a prospective cohort study in Japan with follow-up for a median of 16.9 years involving 43008 men and 50646 women aged 45–75 years. Association of LCD score, LCD score based on animal sources of protein and fat, and LCD score based on plant sources of protein and fat with risk of mortality was assessed using Cox proportional hazards model. A U-shaped association was observed between LCD score and total mortality: the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% CI) of total mortality for lowest through highest scores were 1.00, 0.95 (0.91, 1.01), 0.93 (0.88, 0.98), 0.93 (0.88, 0.98), and 1.01 (0.95, 1.07) (P-non-linearity