Peri‐implant marginal mucosa defects: Classification and clinical management

Peri‐implant marginal mucosa defects (PMMDs) are alterations of the peri‐implant soft tissue architecture characterized by an apical discrepancy of the mucosal margin respective to its ideal position with or without exposure of transmucosal prosthetic components or the implant fixture surface. PMMDs...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of periodontology (1970) 2021-07, Vol.92 (7), p.947-957
Main Authors: Gamborena, Iñaki, Avila‐Ortiz, Gustavo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
clinical decision‐making
dental implant
Dentistry
oral mucosa
plastic surgery
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Summary:Peri‐implant marginal mucosa defects (PMMDs) are alterations of the peri‐implant soft tissue architecture characterized by an apical discrepancy of the mucosal margin respective to its ideal position with or without exposure of transmucosal prosthetic components or the implant fixture surface. PMMDs may not only represent an esthetic concern but also predispose to biofilm accumulation and subsequent initiation and progression of peri‐implant inflammatory diseases. A treatment‐driven classification for tooth‐bound, facial PMMDs in non‐molar sites, consisting of three different levels of complexity, is proposed. Clinical recommendations pertaining to the prosthetic and surgical management of each type of PMMD, illustrated with practical examples, are provided with the purpose of facilitating decision‐making processes in daily practice.
ISSN:0022-3492
1943-3670
DOI:10.1002/JPER.20-0519