Association of IL‐10 gene promoter polymorphisms with food allergy susceptibility and serum IL‐10 level in a pediatric Caucasian population

• Published in: Pediatric allergy and immunology 2021-04, Vol.32 (3), p.552-559
• Main Authors: Nedelkopoulou, Natalia, Taparkou, Anna, Raftopoulou, Sofia, Gidaris, Dimos, Xinias, Ioannis, Mavroudi, Antigoni, Dhawan, Anil, Farmaki, Evangelia, Santos, Alexandra
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Allergic diseases; Asthma; Atopy; Case-Control Studies; Child; children; Food allergies; food allergy; Food Hypersensitivity - genetics; Gene Frequency; Gene polymorphism; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Genotype & phenotype; Haplotypes; Humans; IL‐10 gene promoter polymorphisms; Immune response; Immunoglobulin E; Interleukin 10; Interleukin-10 - genetics; Patients; Pediatrics; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Single-nucleotide polymorphism
• ISSN: 0905-6157; 1399-3038
• DOI: 10.1111/pai.13407

Background Interleukin 10 has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of the immune responses in allergic diseases. Aim To investigate if genetic polymorphisms in the promoter region of the IL‐10 gene are associated with food allergy (FA) susceptibility in Caucasian pediatric patients with concomitant allergic diseases and IL‐10 levels. Methods The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at ‐1082A > G (rs1800896), ‐819 T > C (rs1800871), and ‐592A > C (rs1800872) of 62 pediatric patients with IgE‐mediated FA were analyzed and correlated with clinical parameters, serum IgE and IL‐10 levels. The results were compared with those of 92 healthy controls without FA, personal and/or family history of atopy. Results Analysis and comparison of genotype distributions, allele frequencies, and haplotypes showed that none of the genotypes confers an increased risk of FA. The genotype ‐1082 AA in FA patients was associated with moderate to severe symptoms of FA, the development of atopic asthma, and higher levels of IL‐10. In a linear regression study, we confirmed that the genotype ‐1082 AA acts as an independent factor for the higher levels of IL‐10. A positive association was also observed between ‐819T/C and ‐592 A/C SNPs and later onset of FA. Conclusion Polymorphisms in the promoter region of the IL‐10 gene are not associated with FA susceptibility in our cohort. In FA patients, ‐1082 A/G SNPs seem to influence the production of IL‐10, the severity of FA symptoms, and the development of atopic asthma in this population.