Long‐term crestal bone changes in implants placed in augmented sinuses with minimal or moderate remaining alveolar bone: A 10‐year retrospective case‐series study

• Published in: Clinical oral implants research 2021-01, Vol.32 (1), p.60-74
• Main Authors: Urban, Istvan A., Ravidà, Andrea, Saleh, Muhammad H.A., Galli, Matthew, Lozada, Jaime, Farkasdi, Sandor, Wang, Hom‐Lay
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alveolar bone; Alveolar Bone Loss - diagnostic imaging; Alveolar Bone Loss - etiology; Alveolar Bone Loss - surgery; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Animals; Augmentation; Bone (long); Bone implants; Bone loss; Bone Transplantation; Cattle; clinical trial; Complications; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dental Implants; Dental materials; Dental prosthetics; Dental Restoration Failure; Dentistry; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Perforation; posterior maxilla; Radiographs; Radiography; Retrospective Studies; sinus grafting; Sinuses; staged procedure; Transplants & implants; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0905-7161; 1600-0501
• DOI: 10.1111/clr.13680

Objectives To evaluate long‐term clinical and radiographic outcomes of dental implants placed after lateral window sinus augmentation utilizing the sagittal sandwich technique. Materials and Methods Patients treated with sinus augmentation were included in this retrospective case‐series study. The surgical procedure was performed with particulate autogenous bone‐ and anorganic bovine bone‐derived mineral (3:7 ratio). Implants were grouped based on baseline residual alveolar ridge height: group S (residual alveolar ridge height of 0.1–3.5 mm), group M (height of 3.5‐7mm), and group C (native bone). Radiographs were taken at baseline (abutment installation) and annually throughout the 10‐year follow‐up. Results A total of 86 patients (92 sinus lifts) and 209 implants were included. Ten sinus membrane perforations were recorded (11% incidence), and graft infections occurred in 3 cases (3.2% incidence). During the 10‐year follow‐up, 3 implants (1.4%) failed. No significant differences in the mean implant marginal bone loss (MBL) between the three groups were found after 1‐, 2‐, and 5‐year follow‐up (p > .05). At 10 years, group C exhibited more MBL than group M with a mean difference of −0.53 mm (p = .01). After 10 years, MK III implants displayed significantly more bone loss in native bone than those in augmented bone with a mean difference of 0.48 mm (p = .02). Five patients and 7 implants developed peri‐implantitis with no significant differences between the groups (p = .570). Conclusion Implant placement after two‐stage sinus grafting utilizing the sagittal sandwich technique is a relatively safe and predictable procedure with minimal complications and MBL after 10‐year follow‐up.