Screening strategy for de novo donor‐specific HLA antibodies beyond the first year after kidney transplantation: Personalized or “one size fits all”?

• Published in: Clinical transplantation 2021-02, Vol.35 (2), p.e14170-n/a
• Main Authors: Cun, Hasret, Hönger, Gideon, Kleiser, Marc, Amico, Patrizia, Wehmeier, Caroline, Steiger, Jürg, Dickenmann, Michael, Schaub, Stefan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; allograft rejection; Cross-Sectional Studies; de novo donor‐specific HLA antibodies; Graft Rejection - diagnosis; Graft Rejection - epidemiology; Graft Rejection - etiology; Graft Survival; HLA Antigens; Humans; Isoantibodies; Kidney Transplantation - adverse effects; Middle Aged; renal transplantation; screening procedure; Tissue Donors
• ISSN: 0902-0063; 1399-0012
• DOI: 10.1111/ctr.14170

Screening for de novo donor‐specific HLA antibodies (DSAs) after kidney transplantation is widely recommended. The aim of this single‐center, cross‐sectional study was to investigate the frequency of therapeutic interventions triggered by de novo DSA screening. We included 464 patients screened for de novo DSA at annual visits after a median of 5 years post‐transplant (range 1 to 19 years). Overall, de novo DSAs were detected in 55/464 patients (11.9%) with a stepwise increase of the prevalence from 4.9% at 1 year post‐transplant to 18.9% at >10 years post‐transplant. Subsequent allograft biopsies were performed in 24/55 patients (44%). The main reasons to omit biopsies were good/stable allograft function and anticipated lack of clinical consequences (eg, relevant comorbidities). Rejection processes were detected in 16/24 biopsies (67%). Therapeutic interventions were made in 18/464 screened patients (3.9%) with a significantly higher rate in the youngest quartile of patients (≤48 years; 7.9%) compared to the middle 50% (49–67 years; 3%) and the oldest quartile (≥68 years; 1.7%) (P = .03). Our study suggests that the frequency of therapeutic interventions triggered by de novo DSA screening after kidney transplantation is overall low, but significantly higher in younger patients, arguing for a personalized, age‐adapted de novo DSA screening strategy.