A review on the interactions between dendritic cells, filarial parasite and parasite-derived molecules in regulating the host immune responses

Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is the second leading cause of parasitic disabilities that affects millions of people in India and several other tropical countries. The complexity of this disease is endorsed by various immunopathological consequences such as lymphangitis, lymphadenitis and elephantiasis....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scandinavian journal of immunology 2021-04, Vol.93 (4), p.e13001-e13001
Main Authors: Joardar, Nikhilesh, Mondal, Chandrani, Sinha Babu, Santi P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antigen-Presenting Cells - immunology
Antigens, Helminth - immunology
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - parasitology
Dendritic Cells - immunology
Dendritic Cells - parasitology
Elephantiasis, Filarial - immunology
Elephantiasis, Filarial - parasitology
Humans
Immunity - immunology
Inflammation - immunology
Inflammation - parasitology
Parasites - immunology
Toll-Like Receptors - immunology
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Summary:Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is the second leading cause of parasitic disabilities that affects millions of people in India and several other tropical countries. The complexity of this disease is endorsed by various immunopathological consequences such as lymphangitis, lymphadenitis and elephantiasis. The immune evasion strategies that a filarial parasite usually follows are chiefly initiated with the communication between the invaded parasites and parasite-derived molecules, with the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) present on the surface of the antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Classically, the filarial parasites interact with the DCs resulting in lowering of CD4 T-cell responses. These CD4 T-cell responses are the key players behind the immune-mediated pathologies associated with LF. In chronic stage, the canonical pro-inflammatory immune responses are shifted towards an anti-inflammatory subtype, which is favouring the parasite survivability within the host. The central theme of this review article is to present the overall immune response elicited when an APC, particularly a DC, encounters a filarial parasite.
ISSN:0300-9475
1365-3083
DOI:10.1111/sji.13001