Current status of MR imaging of juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic arthropathy in the pediatric population. Although the diagnosis is essentially clinical for many affected joints, MR imaging has become an important tool for the assessment of joints that are difficult to evaluate clinically, such as tem...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology 2020-12, Vol.34 (6), p.101629-101629, Article 101629
Main Authors: Malattia, Clara, Tolend, Mirkamal, Mazzoni, Marta, Panwar, Jyoti, Zlotnik, Margalit, Otobo, Tarimobo, Vidarsson, Logi, Doria, Andrea S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arthritis, Juvenile - diagnostic imaging
Biomarkers
Child
Children
Diffusion weighted MRI
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI
Elastography
Growing joints
Humans
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Outcome Assessment, Health Care
Scoring system
T2 mapping of cartilage
Whole body MRI
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Summary:Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic arthropathy in the pediatric population. Although the diagnosis is essentially clinical for many affected joints, MR imaging has become an important tool for the assessment of joints that are difficult to evaluate clinically, such as temporomandibular and sacroiliac joints, and for screening of inflammatory changes in the entire body by whole body MRI (WBMRI) assessment. The utilization of MR imaging is challenging in the pediatric population given the need for discrimination between pathological and physiological changes in the growing skeleton. Several multicentric multidisciplinary organizations have made major efforts over the past decades to standardize, quantify, and validate scoring systems to measure joint changes both cross-sectionally and longitudinally according to rigorous methodological standards. In this paper, we (1) discuss current trends for the diagnosis and management of JIA, (2) review challenges for detecting real pathological changes in growing joints, (3) summarize the current status of standardization of MRI protocols for data acquisition and the quantification of joint pathology in JIA by means of scoring systems, and (4) outline novel MR imaging techniques for the evaluation of anatomy and function of joints in JIA. Optimizing the role of MRI as a robust biomarker and outcome measure remains a priority of future research in this field.
ISSN:1521-6942
1532-1770
DOI:10.1016/j.berh.2020.101629