Magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and follow-up to differentiate between pediatric monophasic acquired CNS demyelination and MS

•At baseline 60% of ADEM children fulfilled dissemination in space.•On baseline MRI, McDonald criteria were fulfilled in 17% ADEM and 34% MS children.•On follow-up MRI, McDonald criteria were fulfilled in 4% ADEM and 65% MS children.•Only 42% of ADEM children had complete lesion resolution on follow...

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Published in:Multiple sclerosis and related disorders 2020-11, Vol.46, p.102590-102590, Article 102590
Main Authors: Boesen, Magnus Spangsberg, Blinkenberg, Morten, Born, Alfred Peter, Magyari, Melinda, Chitnis, Tanuja, Thygesen, Lau Caspar, Langkilde, Annika Reynberg
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
Child
Children
Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated - diagnostic imaging
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis - diagnostic imaging
Pediatrics
Retrospective Studies
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Summary:•At baseline 60% of ADEM children fulfilled dissemination in space.•On baseline MRI, McDonald criteria were fulfilled in 17% ADEM and 34% MS children.•On follow-up MRI, McDonald criteria were fulfilled in 4% ADEM and 65% MS children.•Only 42% of ADEM children had complete lesion resolution on follow-up MRI.•Rarity of MS in first decade of life should be considered when interpreting MRI. It is essential to distinguish acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) from MS early. Our aim was to determine MRI features at baseline and follow-up to distinguish pediatric ADEM from MS stratified according to age at onset. Using hospital ICD-10 codes for acquired demyelinating syndromes from a nationwide register and subsequent chart review, we identified 52 children (
ISSN:2211-0348
2211-0356
DOI:10.1016/j.msard.2020.102590