Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide partly replaces acarbose against type 2 diabetes in rats

• Published in: International journal of biological macromolecules 2021-02, Vol.170, p.447-458
• Main Authors: Li, Zhao-Rong, Jia, Rui-Bo, Wu, Juan, Lin, Lianzhu, Ou, Zhi-Rong, Liao, Bingwu, Zhang, Lixia, Zhang, Xun, Song, Guohui, Zhao, Mouming
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acarbose; Acarbose - pharmacology; Animals; Auxiliary anti-diabetic effects; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - microbiology; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - microbiology; Disease Models, Animal; Fats - metabolism; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; Liver - drug effects; Polysaccharides - pharmacology; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - metabolism; Sargassum - metabolism; Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide; Signal Transduction - drug effects
• ISSN: 0141-8130; 1879-0003
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.126

The objective of present research was to explore whether Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide (SFP) could partly replace acarbose against type 2 diabetes in rats. Results indicated that SFP co-administered with low-dose acarbose intervention typically mitigated diabetic symptoms and serum profiles and exhibited better anti-diabetic effects than single acarbose treatment in controlling fasting blood glucose, improving insulin resistance and mitigating kidney injuries. The RT-qPCR analysis indicated that SFP co-administered with low-dose acarbose administration distinctly activated the IRS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway compared with single acarbose treatment. Moreover, the co-administration also restrained liver fat accumulation via affecting the expression of HMGCR and SREBP-1c genes. In addition, the 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis indicated that SFP co-administered with low-dose acarbose significantly restored beneficial composition of gut flora in diabetic rats, such as the increase of Muribaculaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Ruminococcus_1, Romboutsia, Eggerthellaceae, Alistipes and Faecalibaculum, and the decrease of Escherichia-Shigella. These results suggested that SFP, the novel natural adjuvant of acarbose, displayed the desirable benefits in minimizing the dose of drug, while improving the anti-diabetic efficiency. [Display omitted] •SFP-ACAR typically mitigated diabetic symptoms and serum profiles.•SFP-ACAR showed better effects in controlling FBG, insulin, BUN and Cr levels.•SFP-ACAR distinctly restored beneficial composition of gut flora in diabetic rats.•SFP-ACAR improved IR by notably activating the IRS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.