Optical coherence tomography analysis of late lumen enlargement after paclitaxel‐coated balloon angioplasty for de‐novo coronary artery disease

• Published in: Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions 2021-07, Vol.98 (1), p.E35-E42
• Main Authors: Sogabe, Koji, Koide, Masahiro, Fukui, Kento, Kato, Yukinori, Kitajima, Hiroki, Akabame, Satoshi, Zen, Kan, Nakamura, Takeshi, Matoba, Satoaki
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Angiography; Angioplasty; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary - adverse effects; Cardiovascular disease; Coatings; Coronary Angiography; Coronary artery; Coronary Artery Disease - diagnostic imaging; Coronary Artery Disease - surgery; Coronary vessels; deep dissection reaching the tunica media; Dissection; drug‐coated balloon (DCB); Enlargement; healing of dissection flaps; Heart diseases; Humans; Lesions; nonstent PCI; Paclitaxel; Plaques; regression of the plaque or the dissection flap; Retrospective Studies; stentless PCI; Stents; Tomography; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Treatment Outcome; vessel enlargement
• ISSN: 1522-1946; 1522-726X
• DOI: 10.1002/ccd.29435

Background Paclitaxel‐coated balloon angioplasty for de‐novo coronary artery lesions causes late lumen enlargement (LLE), however, the mechanisms and predictors of LLE have not been elucidated. Methods and Results We retrospectively analyzed 91 consecutive patients with 95 de‐novo coronary lesions, who underwent paclitaxel‐coated balloon angioplasty without stenting from August 2018 to July 2019 as well as follow‐up coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The mean follow‐up duration was 8.2 ± 2.9 months. The target lesion revascularization rate was 7.3%. OCT demonstrated LLE in 50.5% of lesions. The lesions with LLE had a higher incidence of vessel enlargement (76.6 vs. 29.2%, p