The effect of cold waves on daily mortality in districts in Madrid considering sociodemographic variables

• Published in: The Science of the total environment 2020-12, Vol.749, p.142364-142364, Article 142364
• Main Authors: López-Bueno, J.A., Linares, C., Sánchez-Guevara, C., Martinez, G.S., Mirón, I.J., Núñez-Peiró, M., Valero, I., Díaz, J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aging population; Cities; Cold Temperature; Cold wave; District; Energy poverty; Heating; Humans; Linear Models; Mortality; Risk Factors
• ISSN: 0048-9697; 1879-1026
• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142364

While there is much research that focuses on the association between cold waves and their impacts on daily mortality at the city level, few analyze the impact related to social context and demographic variables at levels lower than the municipal. The objective of this study was to determine the role of the percentage of people over age 65, income level and percentage of homes without heating in the analysis of the impact of cold waves on daily mortality between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2013 in different districts of the municipality of Madrid. We calculated Relative Risks (RR) and Attributable Risks (RA) for each of 17 districts to determine correlations between the effect of cold waves and daily mortality due to natural causes (CIEX: A00-R99) using Generalized Linear Models (GLM) of the Poisson family (link log). The pattern of risks obtained by district was analyzed using binomial family models (link logit), considering socioeconomic and demographic variables. In terms of results, an impact of cold on mortality was detected in 9 of the 17 districts analyzed. The analysis of risk patterns revealed that the probability of detecting an impact in a district increases in a statistically significant way (p-value