Role of Astrocytes in Major Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Astrocytes are the primary homeostatic cells of the central nervous system, essential for normal neuronal development and function, metabolism and response to injury and inflammation. Here, we review postmortem studies examining changes in astrocytes in subjects diagnosed with the neuropsychiatric d...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neurochemical research 2021-10, Vol.46 (10), p.2715-2730
Main Authors: Zhang, Xiaolu, Alnafisah, Rawan S., Hamoud, Abdul-Rizaq A., Shukla, Rammohan, Wen, Zhexing, McCullumsmith, Robert E., O’Donovan, Sinead M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenosine
Animals
Antidepressive Agents - adverse effects
Antipsychotic Agents - adverse effects
Astrocytes
Astrocytes - drug effects
Astrocytes - metabolism
Astrocytes - pathology
Atrophy
Biochemistry
Biomarkers - metabolism
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Bipolar disorder
Bipolar Disorder - metabolism
Bipolar Disorder - pathology
Brain - metabolism
Brain - pathology
Brain research
Cell Biology
Cell Count
Central nervous system
Depressive Disorder, Major - metabolism
Depressive Disorder, Major - pathology
Homeostasis
Humans
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Metabolism
Morphology
Nervous system
Neurochemistry
Neurology
Neurons
Neurosciences
Original Paper
Pathophysiology
Proteins
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia - metabolism
Schizophrenia - pathology
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Summary:Astrocytes are the primary homeostatic cells of the central nervous system, essential for normal neuronal development and function, metabolism and response to injury and inflammation. Here, we review postmortem studies examining changes in astrocytes in subjects diagnosed with the neuropsychiatric disorders schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BPD). We discuss the astrocyte-related changes described in the brain in these disorders and the potential effects of psychotropic medication on these findings. Finally, we describe emerging tools that can be used to study the role of astrocytes in neuropsychiatric illness.
ISSN:0364-3190
1573-6903
1573-6903
DOI:10.1007/s11064-020-03212-x