The choroidal rupture: current concepts and insights

Choroidal rupture is a posterior segment affliction following a traumatic event that results in a break in the retinal pigment epithelium, Bruch membrane, and the underlying choriocapillaris. The visual prognosis may be extremely poor when involving the macular area or in cases with major comorbidit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Survey of ophthalmology 2021-09, Vol.66 (5), p.761-770
Main Authors: Lupidi, Marco, Muzi, Alessio, Castellucci, Greta, Kalra, Gagan, Piccolino, Felice Cardillo, Chhablani, Jay, Cagini, Carlo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blunt trauma
Choroid - pathology
Choroidal neovascularization
Choroidal Neovascularization - diagnosis
Choroidal Neovascularization - etiology
Choroidal Neovascularization - pathology
Choroidal rupture
Commotio retinae
Fluorescein angiography
Fluorescein Angiography - methods
Humans
Indocyanine Green
Indocyanine green angiography
OCT
OCT angiography
Ocular trauma
Retinal detachment
Tomography, Optical Coherence - methods
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Summary:Choroidal rupture is a posterior segment affliction following a traumatic event that results in a break in the retinal pigment epithelium, Bruch membrane, and the underlying choriocapillaris. The visual prognosis may be extremely poor when involving the macular area or in cases with major comorbidities. On funduscopic examination the rupture appears as a whitish/yellowish curvilinear or crescent-shaped lesion with forked or tapered endings. Multimodal imaging including fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography can provide a detailed assessment of the extent of damage and the onset of complications. Although there is no treatment for choroidal rupture per se, associated complications such as angle-recession glaucoma, retinal detachment, or exudative choroidal neovascularization might need therapeutic interventions. We describe the pathophysiology of choroidal rupture, the recent multimodal imaging findings, and the available treatment options for the management of complications.
ISSN:0039-6257
1879-3304
DOI:10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.01.014