Inflammatory cytologic alterations in the oral epithelium associated with HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis: a preliminary study

The objective of this study was to assess inflammatory cytologic alterations in the oral epithelium of patients on human immunodeficiency virus pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Epithelial cells from the buccal mucosa of 30 patients were collected by exfoliative cytology and were evaluated according...

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Published in:Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology, 2021-05, Vol.131 (5), p.534-539
Main Authors: Baggio, Gabriela Leite, Macedo, Nayara Flores, Merlin, Julio Cezar, Anghebem, Mauren Isfer, Santos, Juliane Cardoso Villela, Ignácio, Sérgio Aparecido, Rubira-Bullen, Izabel Regina Fischer, Azevedo Alanis, Luciana Reis, Couto Souza, Paulo Henrique
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Epithelial Cells
Epithelium
HIV Infections - prevention & control
Humans
Mouth Mucosa
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Summary:The objective of this study was to assess inflammatory cytologic alterations in the oral epithelium of patients on human immunodeficiency virus pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Epithelial cells from the buccal mucosa of 30 patients were collected by exfoliative cytology and were evaluated according to inflammatory cellular alterations: karyomegaly, bi- or multinucleation, karyopyknosis, karyorrhexis, perinuclear halo formation, metachromasia, cytoplasmic vacuolization, indistinct cytoplasmic border, keratinization, and atrophy. Epithelial cells were collected initially before PrEP onset (T1) and then after 30 days of PrEP use (T2). Two experienced cytopathologists independently analyzed the slides. The nonparametric Wilcoxon test showed that there was a statistically significant increase in the number of cells with karyomegaly at T2 compared to T1 (P = .033). The other cellular alterations did not present with statistically significant differences between the 2 moments of evaluation (P > .05). The increased number of oral epithelial cells with karyomegaly after 30 days of using PrEP suggests the presence of inflammatory alterations at this site.
ISSN:2212-4403
2212-4411
DOI:10.1016/j.oooo.2021.01.010